Shloka 18

Mind as Charioteer; Kṣetrajña, Tapas, and Dhyāna-Yoga

Adhyātma-Upadeśa

Devanagari script

एवं धर्मस्य विज्ञेयं संसाधनमुपायत: । उपायज्ञो हि मेधावी सुखमत्यन्तमश्लुते

Transliteration

evaṃ dharmasya vijñeyaṃ saṃsādhanam upāyataḥ | upāyajño hi medhāvī sukham atyantam aśnute ||

Translation

ฉะนั้นพึงใคร่ครวญให้รู้ “วิธีการ” อันเป็นเครื่องยังธรรมให้สำเร็จ; เพราะบัณฑิตผู้รู้วิธี ย่อมบรรลุความสุขอย่างยิ่ง

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus, in this manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम्

• धर्मस्य: of dharma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• विज्ञेयम्: is to be known/understood
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-ज्ञा
• Form: तव्यत् (gerundive), Neuter, Nominative, Singular, passive obligation

• संसाधनम्: the means of accomplishment
• Type: Noun
• Root: संसाधन
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• उपायतः: from/by means (as the source/starting point) of a method; by a means
• उपायतः: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपाय
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• उपायज्ञः: knowing the means/methods
• उपायज्ञः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उपायज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• हि: indeed, for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• मेधावी: the intelligent man
• मेधावी: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेधाविन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सुखम्: happiness
• सुखम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुख
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अत्यन्तम्: exceedingly, utterly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्यन्तम्

• अश्नुते: attains/enjoys
• Type: Verb
• Root: अश्
• Form: Present, Indicative, Atmanepada, 3rd, Singular

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vāyudeva (Wind-god)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Dharma is not only an ideal but something to be realized through appropriate, well-understood means (upāya). The discerning person who knows how to apply the right method achieves lasting well-being.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyudeva is speaking in an instructive mode, emphasizing that one must learn the practical instruments and strategies by which dharma is fulfilled; wisdom lies in knowing the proper means, which leads to supreme happiness.