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Shloka 9

Taḍāga-Phala and Vṛkṣāropaṇa

Merit of Ponds and Tree-Planting

ब्राह्माणेष्वार्जवं यच्च स्थैर्य च धरणीतले । सौम्यतां चैव सोमस्य गाम्भीर्य वरुणस्य च,“ब्राह्मणोंमें जो सरलता है, पृथ्वीमें जो स्थिरता है, सोमका जो सौम्यभाव, सागरकी जो गम्भीरता, अग्निकी जो दीप्ति, मेरुकी जो चमक और सूर्यका जो प्रताप है--इन सबका वह पुरुष उल्लंघन कर जाता है, इन सबकी मर्यादाका नाश करनेवाला समझा जाता है जो शरणागतका वध करता है

bhīṣma uvāca | brāhmaṇeṣv ārjavaṁ yac ca sthairyaṁ ca dharaṇītale | saumyatāṁ caiva somasya gāmbhīryaṁ varuṇasya ca |

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “ดุจดังพราหมณ์มีความซื่อตรงเป็นลักษณะ แผ่นดินมีความมั่นคง โสมมีความอ่อนโยน และวรุณ (มหาสมุทร) มีความลุ่มลึก—ฉันใด ธรรมะก็มีขอบเขตอันมิอาจล่วงละเมิดซึ่งค้ำจุนระเบียบแห่งโลกฉันนั้น ผู้ใดฆ่าผู้มาขอพึ่งพิง ย่อมชื่อว่าล่วงเกินและทำลายขอบเขตเหล่านั้น เป็นผู้ทำลายความศักดิ์สิทธิ์ที่ธำรงธรรมะไว้”

ब्राह्माणेषुamong Brahmins
ब्राह्माणेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
आर्जवम्straightforwardness, rectitude
आर्जवम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआर्जव
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
यत्which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
स्थैर्यम्steadfastness, stability
स्थैर्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्थैर्य
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धरणीतलेon the surface of the earth
धरणीतले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधरणीतल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सौम्यताम्gentleness, mildness
सौम्यताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसौम्यता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सोमस्यof Soma (the Moon / Soma-deity)
सोमस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसोम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
गाम्भीर्यम्depth, gravity
गाम्भीर्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगाम्भीर्य
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
वरुणस्यof Varuṇa (lord of waters)
वरुणस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवरुण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Brahmins (Brāhmaṇa)
E
Earth (Dharaṇī)
S
Soma
V
Varuṇa

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that killing a person who has sought refuge (śaraṇāgata) is a grave violation of dharma. Such an act is portrayed as transgressing the natural and moral boundaries exemplified by the defining virtues of Brahmins, the earth, Soma, and Varuṇa—thereby undermining the very order that sustains society.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira on righteous conduct and moral law. Here he uses a chain of cosmic and social exemplars—Brahmin integrity, the earth’s stability, Soma’s gentleness, and Varuṇa’s depth—to emphasize the enormity of betraying and killing someone who has come seeking protection.