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Shloka 26

Go-dāna-phala-nirdeśa

Merit and Destinations from the Gift of Cows

गुरुशुश्रूषया शूरा: पितृशुश्रूषयापरे | मातृशुश्रूषया शूरा भैक्ष्यशूरास्तथापरे

bhīṣma uvāca |

guruśuśrūṣayā śūrāḥ pitṛśuśrūṣayāpare |

mātṛśuśrūṣayā śūrā bhaiṣyaśūrās tathāpare ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “บางคนเป็นวีรชนด้วยการปรนนิบัติรับใช้ครู บางคนด้วยการรับใช้บิดา บางคนแสดงวีรภาพด้วยการรับใช้มารดา และบางคนเป็น ‘วีรชนแห่งภิกษา’ คือดำรงชีพด้วยบิณฑบาต”

गुरु-शुश्रूषयाby service to the teacher
गुरु-शुश्रूषया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु + शुश्रूषा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
शूराःheroes/brave men
शूराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पितृ-शुश्रूषयाby service to the father/parents (pitṛs)
पितृ-शुश्रूषया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ + शुश्रूषा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
अपरेothers
अपरे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मातृ-शुश्रूषयाby service to the mother
मातृ-शुश्रूषया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ + शुश्रूषा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
शूराःheroes/brave men
शूराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भैक्ष्य-शूराःheroes in begging (those brave at living on alms)
भैक्ष्य-शूराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभैक्ष्य + शूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise/and so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अपरेothers
अपरे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
G
Guru (teacher/preceptor)
F
Father
M
Mother

Educational Q&A

Bhishma broadens the idea of ‘heroism’ (śaurya): true valor can be expressed through disciplined duty—serving one’s teacher, parents, and even steadfastly maintaining a mendicant life—rather than only through physical combat.

In Anushasana Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma is enumerating different kinds of ‘śūra’ (heroes), classifying people by the sphere in which they exhibit strength and excellence—especially through service and restraint.