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Shloka 10

गवां लोकवर्णनं तथा गोप्रदानफलश्रुतिः

Description of the ‘World of Cows’ and the Stated Fruits of Cow-Gift

प्रचारे वा निवाते वा बुधो नोद्वेजयेत गा: । तृषिता हाभिवीक्षन्त्यो नरं हन्यु: सबान्धवम्‌

bhīṣma uvāca | pracāre vā nivāte vā budho nodvejayet gāḥ | tṛṣitā abhivīkṣantyo naraṃ hanyuḥ sabāndhavam |

ไม่ว่าโคจะเที่ยวหากินอย่างเสรี หรือพักอยู่ในที่สงบไร้การรบกวน บัณฑิตไม่พึงทำให้โคตื่นตกใจ เพราะเมื่อโคถูกความกระหายเผาผลาญ มองมนุษย์ด้วยความปรารถนาน้ำแล้วเขาไม่ให้น้ำ โคย่อมเพ่งด้วยสายตาโกรธเกรี้ยว นำความพินาศมาสู่เขาพร้อมทั้งวงศ์ญาติ

प्रचारेin (their) roaming/grazing
प्रचारे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रचार
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
निवातेin a sheltered/windless place
निवाते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिवात
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
बुधःa wise man
बुधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उद्वेजयेत्should disturb/agitate
उद्वेजयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-√विज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
गाःcows
गाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
तृषिताःthirsty
तृषिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतृषित
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
हाalas/indeed (exclamation/particle)
हा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहा
अभिवीक्षन्त्यःlooking towards (intently)
अभिवीक्षन्त्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि-√वीक्ष्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural, Present active participle (Parasmaipada)
नरम्a man
नरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हन्युःwould/should kill
हन्युः:
TypeVerb
Root√हन्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
together with
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बान्धवम्kinsman/relative
बान्धवम्:
Sahartha (co-participant)
TypeNoun
Rootबान्धव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
C
cows (gāḥ)

Educational Q&A

Do not harass or unsettle cows; care for their basic needs—especially water. Neglect of dependent beings, particularly when they silently appeal for help, is adharma and brings severe consequences.

Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira on proper conduct regarding cows: leave them undisturbed when they graze or rest, and ensure they are watered. He warns that thirsty cows, if ignored, can become a cause of the offender’s destruction along with his family.