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Shloka 30

Adhyāya 60: Dāna vs. Yajña—Royal Giving, Protection, and Karmic Share

सदक्षिणां काञउ्चनचारुशंगीं कांस्योपदोहां द्रविणोत्तरीयाम्‌ । धेनुं तिलानां ददतो द्विजाय लोका वसूनां सुलभा भवन्ति

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

sadakṣiṇāṃ kāñcanacāruśaṅgīṃ kāṃsyopadohāṃ draviṇottarīyām |

dhenuṃ tilānāṃ dadato dvijāya lokā vasūnāṃ sulabhā bhavanti ||

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า—ผู้ใดถวาย ‘ติลธนู’ แก่พราหมณ์ (ทวิชะ) โดยมีทักษิณา ประดับเขางามด้วยทองคำ มีภาชนะรีดน้ำนมทำด้วยสำริด และมอบผ้าคลุมไหล่อันมีค่า โลกของเหล่าวสุย่อมเป็นที่เข้าถึงได้โดยง่ายสำหรับผู้นั้น

स-दक्षिणाम्with dakṣiṇā (fee) / accompanied by honorarium
स-दक्षिणाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदक्षिणा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
काञ्चन-चारु-शृङ्गीम्having beautiful golden horns
काञ्चन-चारु-शृङ्गीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशृङ्गिन्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
कांस्य-उपदोहाम्a milking-vessel (upadohā) of bell-metal/bronze
कांस्य-उपदोहाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउपदोहा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
द्रविण-उत्तरीयाम्an upper garment made of wealth/valuable cloth
द्रविण-उत्तरीयाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तरीय
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
धेनुम्a cow
धेनुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
तिलानाम्of sesame (seeds)
तिलानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootतिल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
ददतःof (one) giving
ददतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदा (ददाति)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Genitive, Singular
द्विजायto a twice-born (brahmin)
द्विजाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
लोकाःworlds/realms
लोकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वसूनाम्of the Vasus
वसूनाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootवसु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
सुलभाःeasily attainable
सुलभाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुलभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भवन्तिbecome/are
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (भवति)
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
dvija (Brahmin recipient)
V
Vasus (deities)
T
tiladhenu (sesame-cow donation)
D
dakṣiṇā
G
golden horns
B
bronze milking vessel (kāṃsyopadohā)
U
upper garment (uttarīya)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that dāna (charitable giving) should be complete and respectful—accompanied by dakṣiṇā and appropriate supporting gifts—and that such well-formed generosity is a powerful dharmic act producing spiritual merit, here expressed as access to the realms of the Vasus.

Vaiśampāyana, in the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction on dharma, describes the merit gained by donating a ritual ‘tiladhenu’ (sesame-cow offering) to a Brahmin, specifying the customary components (golden horns, bronze milking vessel, valuable cloth, and dakṣiṇā) and stating the resulting heavenly reward.