Shloka 10

Adhyāya 60: Dāna vs. Yajña—Royal Giving, Protection, and Karmic Share

Devanagari script

धन प्राप्रोति तपसा मौनेनाज्ञां प्रयच्छति । उपभोगांस्तु दानेन ब्रह्मचर्येण जीवितम्‌

Transliteration

dhanaṁ prāpnoti tapasā maunena ājñāṁ prayacchati | upabhogāṁs tu dānena brahmacaryeṇa jīvitam ||

Translation

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า “ด้วยตบะมนุษย์ย่อมได้ทรัพย์ ด้วยพรตแห่งความสงบวาจา (มೌนะ) ย่อมได้อำนาจให้ผู้อื่นเชื่อฟัง ด้วยทานย่อมได้เครื่องเสวยสุข และด้วยพรหมจรรย์ย่อมได้ชีวิต—คืออายุยืน”

Word by Word

• धनम्: wealth
• धनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• प्राप्नोति: attains
• प्राप्नोति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तपसा: by austerity
• तपसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• मौनेन: by silence (vow of silence)
• मौनेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मौन
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• आज्ञाम्: command, authority
• आज्ञाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आज्ञा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• प्रयच्छति: bestows, grants
• प्रयच्छति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-यम्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• उपभोगान्: enjoyments
• उपभोगान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपभोग
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• तु: but, and (emphatic)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• दानेन: by giving, by charity
• दानेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दान
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• ब्रह्मचर्येण: by celibacy (brahmacarya)
• ब्रह्मचर्येण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मचर्य
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• जीवितम्: life, lifespan
• जीवितम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: जीवित
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse links specific disciplines to specific fruits: tapas (austerity) yields material capacity (wealth), mauna (restraint of speech) yields authority, dāna (generosity) yields legitimate enjoyments, and brahmacarya (continence) yields longevity—presenting a dharmic economy where inner restraint and giving produce outer stability and well-being.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana is reporting a didactic teaching in the Anuśāsana Parva, listing the ethical ‘results’ (phala) of key vows and virtues as part of broader instruction on dharma and right conduct.