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Shloka 23

च्यवन-कुशिक-संवादः

Cyavana–Kuśika Dialogue on Hospitality, Service, and Lineage Questions

भीष्म उवाच आत्मवत्‌ तस्य कुर्वीत संस्कारं स्वामिवत्‌ तथा । त्यक्तो मातापितृभ्यां यः सवर्ण प्रतिपद्यते,भीष्मजीने कहा--बेटा! जिसको माता-पिताने त्याग दिया है, वह अपने स्वामी (पालक) पिताके वर्णको प्राप्त होता है। इसलिये उसके पालन करनेवालेको चाहिये कि वह अपने ही वर्णके अनुसार उसका संस्कार करे

bhīṣma uvāca | ātmavat tasya kurvīta saṃskāraṃ svāmivat tathā | tyakto mātāpitr̥bhyāṃ yaḥ savarṇaḥ pratipadyate |

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “ลูกเอ๋ย พึงประกอบสังสการแก่เด็กเช่นนั้นดุจบุตรของตนเอง และดุจผู้พึ่งพิงอันชอบธรรมในความอุปถัมภ์ของตน ผู้ที่ถูกบิดามารดาทอดทิ้ง ย่อมถูกนับเข้าสู่วรรณะของผู้ปกครองที่รับไว้และเลี้ยงดู; เพราะฉะนั้น บิดาผู้อุปการะพึงทำสังสการให้ตามวรรณะของตนเอง”

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
आत्मवत्as oneself; like oneself
आत्मवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआत्मवत्
तस्यof him/that (boy)
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
कुर्वीतshould do/perform
कुर्वीत:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
संस्कारम्rite; sacrament; consecratory ceremony
संस्कारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंस्कार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
स्वामिवत्as (one would for) a master/guardian
स्वामिवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वामिवत्
तथाthus; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
त्यक्तःabandoned; forsaken
त्यक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्यज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
माता-पितृभ्याम्from mother and father
माता-पितृभ्याम्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ + पितृ
FormMasculine/Feminine (mixed), Ablative, Dual
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सवर्णम्same varna/caste-status (as the guardian)
सवर्णम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसवर्ण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रतिपद्यतेattains; comes to; obtains
प्रतिपद्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति + पद्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
mother
F
father
G
guardian/foster-father (svāmin/pālaka)

Educational Q&A

If parents abandon a child and a guardian accepts and maintains him, the guardian bears dharmic responsibility to perform the child’s saṃskāras properly, treating him as one’s own; the child is socially reckoned to the guardian’s varna for purposes of rites and formation.

In Bhishma’s dharma-instruction (Anushasana Parva), he lays down a rule concerning an abandoned child: once taken in by a protector, the child’s ritual upbringing and social classification for rites follow the protector who assumes care.