Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 17

तीर्थवंशोपदेशः

Tīrtha-vaṃśa Upadeśa: Instruction on the Fruits of Sacred Waters

अनुयोक्ता च यो विप्रो अनुयुक्तश्चन भारत । नाहतस्तावघपि श्राद्ध ब्रहद्मविक्रयिणौ हि तो

anuyoktā ca yo vipro ’nuyuktaś ca nara-bhārata | nāhatas tāv aghaṃ api śrāddhe brahma-vikrayiṇau hi tau ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “โอเชื้อสายภารตะ พราหมณ์ผู้สอนโดยรับค่าจ้าง และพราหมณ์ผู้เรียนโดยจ่ายค่าจ้าง—ทั้งสองย่อมเป็นผู้ค้าขายพรหมวิทยา (เวทวิทยา) โดยแท้; เพราะฉะนั้น แม้มิได้มีมลทินอื่น ก็ไม่ควรถูกนับรวมในพิธีศราทธะ”

अनुयोक्ताone who employs/engages (a teacher), the engager
अनुयोक्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनुयोक्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विप्रःa brahmin
विप्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनुयुक्तःone who is engaged/employed (for teaching)
अनुयुक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनु-युज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आहृतौbrought/invited (as guests)
आहृतौ:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-हृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual, क्त (past passive participle)
तौthose two
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
श्राद्धेin the śrāddha (rite)
श्राद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
ब्रह्मविक्रयिणौsellers of sacred knowledge/Veda
ब्रह्मविक्रयिणौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्म-विक्रयिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
तौthose two
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Bhārata (Yudhiṣṭhira implied by address)
V
vipra (brāhmaṇa)
Ś
śrāddha
B
brahma (Veda)

Educational Q&A

Sacred learning (brahma/veda) should not be treated as a commodity. When teaching or learning is conducted as a wage-transaction, it is likened to ‘selling the Veda,’ and such persons are deemed unsuitable for participation as invitees in śrāddha rites.

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on dharma and ritual conduct, he specifies categories of people who should not be included among those invited to a śrāddha. Here he excludes both the brāhmaṇa who teaches for wages and the one who learns by paying wages, calling them ‘brahma-vikrayin’ (traders in sacred knowledge).