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Shloka 10

अहिंसयित्वा ब्रह्महत्याविधानम् / Brahmahatyā incurred without physical violence

तत्रेमं शृणु मे पार्थ चतुर्णा तेजसां मतम्‌ | पृथिव्या: काश्यपस्याग्नेर्मार्कण्डेयस्य चैव हि,कुन्तीनन्दन! इस विषयमें तुम मुझसे पृथ्वी, काश्यप, अग्नि और मार्कण्डेय--इन चार तेजस्वी व्यक्तियोंका मत सुनो

tatremaṁ śṛṇu me pārtha caturṇāṁ tejasāṁ matam | pṛthivyāḥ kāśyapasyāgner mārkaṇḍeyasya caiva hi ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “โอ้ปารถะ บัดนี้จงฟังเราเถิด เราจะเล่าทัศนะอันไตร่ตรองแล้วของผู้ทรงเดชสี่ท่าน—แม่ธรณีเอง กัศยปะ อัคนี และฤๅษีมารกัณฑेय คำยืนยันของท่านทั้งหลายซึ่งตั้งอยู่บนธรรมและประสบการณ์ จะทำให้เรื่องนี้กระจ่าง”

तत्रthere/therein
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
इमम्this
इमम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शृणुhear/listen
शृणु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormLot, Imperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेof me / my
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
पार्थO Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
चतुर्णाम्of four
चतुर्णाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्
FormGenitive, Plural
तेजसाम्of the radiant/illustrious ones
तेजसाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
मतम्opinion/view
मतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पृथिव्याःof the Earth
पृथिव्याः:
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
काश्यपस्यof Kashyapa
काश्यपस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootकाश्यप
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अग्नेःof Agni (Fire)
अग्नेः:
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
मार्कण्डेयस्यof Markandeya
मार्कण्डेयस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootमार्कण्डेय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
हिfor/indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
P
Pṛthivī (Earth)
K
Kaśyapa
A
Agni
M
Mārkaṇḍeya

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma frames the forthcoming instruction as grounded in multiple authoritative witnesses—cosmic (Earth), ancestral-sage (Kaśyapa), divine (Agni), and ascetic-seer (Mārkaṇḍeya)—implying that dharma is best understood through converging, time-tested perspectives rather than a single opinion.

In the Anuśāsana discourse, Bhīṣma continues instructing Arjuna and signals a transition: he will now recount what four eminent beings have said on the topic under discussion, preparing the listener for a cited tradition of teachings.