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Shloka 58

Chapter 2: Sudarśana Upākhyāna — Atithi-Dharma and the Conquest of Mṛtyu

Gṛhastha-Vrata

अथेध्यानमुपादाय स पावकिरुपागमत्‌ । मृत्युना रौद्रभावेन नित्यं बन्धुरिवान्वित:,इतनेहीमें अग्निकुमार सुदर्शन समिधा लेकर लौट आये। मृत्यु क्रूर भावनासे सदा उनके पीछे लगी रहती थी, मानो कोई स्नेही बन्धु अपने प्रिय बन्धुके पीछे-पीछे चल रहा हो

athedhyānam upādāya sa pāvakir upāgamat | mṛtyunā raudrabhāvena nityaṁ bandhur ivānvitaḥ ||

ครั้นนั้นสุทรรศนะ โอรสแห่งอัคนี ถือฟืนบูชากลับมา ความตายด้วยอารมณ์ดุร้ายอันน่าสะพรึง กลับติดตามเขาอยู่เนืองนิตย์—ประหนึ่งญาติผู้ภักดีเดินเคียงหลังผู้เป็นที่รัก

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
इध्मम्firewood, fuel-stick
इध्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइध्म
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उपादायhaving taken
उपादाय:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आ-दा
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पावकिःson of Agni (Pāvaki)
पावकिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपावकि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उपागमत्came near, returned/approached
उपागमत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आ-गम्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मृत्युनाby Death
मृत्युना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
रौद्रभावेनwith a fierce disposition
रौद्रभावेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरौद्रभाव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
बन्धुःa kinsman, friend
बन्धुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if, like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अन्वितःaccompanied, followed
अन्वितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्वित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Pāvakī (Agni-kumāra, son of Fire)
M
Mṛtyu (Death)
E
edhyāna/samidh (kindling-fuel)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the inevitability of death and the inescapable pursuit of consequence: even amid routine action (bringing kindling), mortality and the results of one’s destiny/karma can remain ever-present. The simile—Death like a loving kinsman—intensifies the ethical reflection that what follows us most faithfully may be what we least wish to face.

An Agni-born figure (pāvakī, ‘Agni-kumāra’) returns carrying kindling for the fire. Personified Death, in a fierce aspect, accompanies him continuously, described through a striking comparison: as though a close relative follows affectionately behind.