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Shloka 16

आदित्या वसवो रुद्रा: साश्रिन: पितरो5डपि च । धर्म: श्रुत॑ तपो दीक्षा व्यवसाय: पितामह:

ādityā vasavo rudrāḥ sāśrinaḥ pitaro ’pi ca | dharmaḥ śrutaṃ tapo dīkṣā vyavasāyaḥ pitāmahaḥ ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “ขอให้อาทิตยะทั้งหลาย วสุทั้งหลาย รุทรทั้งหลาย อัศวินีกุมารทั้งสอง และปิตฤทั้งหลาย; ทั้งธรรมะ ศรุติ (พระเวท) ตบะ ทีक्षา ความมุ่งมั่นแน่วแน่ (วยวสาโย) และปิตามหะ จงคุ้มครองเรา”

आदित्याःthe Adityas
आदित्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआदित्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वसवःthe Vasus
वसवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवसु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रुद्राःthe Rudras
रुद्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
with
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आश्रिणःtogether with the Āśrins (a class of beings)
आश्रिणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआश्रिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पितरःthe Pitṛs (manes)
पितरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धर्मःDharma
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रुतम्what is heard; Vedic revelation
श्रुतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तपःausterity
तपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दीक्षाinitiation; consecration
दीक्षा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदीक्षा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
व्यवसायःeffort; resolve; undertaking
व्यवसायः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्यवसाय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पितामहःthe Grandfather (Brahmā)
पितामहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

Ā
Ādityas
V
Vasus
R
Rudras
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)
D
Dharma
Ś
Śruti (Vedic revelation)
T
Tapas (austerity)
D
Dīkṣā (initiation/discipline)
V
Vyavasāya (resolve)
P
Pitāmaha (Brahmā)

Educational Q&A

Protection and well-being are grounded in alignment with Dharma and the disciplines that uphold it—sacred learning (śruti), austerity (tapas), consecrated practice (dīkṣā), and steadfast resolve (vyavasāya)—along with reverence for cosmic and ancestral orders.

Bhīṣma is reciting a protective invocation within a broader catalogue of divine and cosmic lineages. He names major classes of gods and moral-spiritual principles, asking them to guard the listeners, thereby framing ethical life as participation in a larger sacred order.