Shloka 1

Devanagari script

अफड--रू--> द्विषष्ट्याधिकशततमो< ध्याय: धर्मके विषयमें आगम-प्रमाणकी श्रेष्ठता

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca | ity uktavati vākye tu kṛṣṇe devakīnandane | bhīṣmaṃ śāntanavaṃ bhūyaḥ paryapṛcchad yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ||

Translation

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า—โอ้ชนเมชยะ! ครั้นพระกฤษณะ ผู้เป็นที่ชื่นใจของเทวคี ตรัสถ้อยคำสั่งสอนดังนี้แล้ว ยุธิษฐิระก็ได้ทูลถามภีษมะ โอรสแห่งศานตนุ อีกครั้ง เพื่อให้กระจ่างในเรื่องความเป็นเลิศแห่งอาคม-ประมานในทางธรรม ผลแห่งธรรมและอธรรม ลักษณะแห่งสาธุและอาสาธุ ตลอดจนระเบียบแห่งศิษฏาจาร

Word by Word

• वैशम्पायनः: Vaishampayana
• वैशम्पायनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैशम्पायन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular

• इति: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• उक्तवति: when (he) had spoken / in (him) who had spoken
• उक्तवति: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उक्तवत्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• वाक्यम्: speech, statement
• वाक्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तु: but/and (emphatic)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• कृष्णे: in/when Krishna
• कृष्णे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• देवकीनन्दने: in the son of Devaki
• देवकीनन्दने: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवकी-नन्दन
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• भीष्मम्: Bhishma
• भीष्मम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• शान्तनवम्: son of Shantanu
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शान्तनव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• भूयः: again, once more
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भूयस्

• पर्यपृच्छत्: asked, inquired
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रच्छ्
• Form: Imperfect (Anadyatana-bhuta), 3rd, Singular

• युधिष्ठिरः: Yudhishthira
• युधिष्ठिरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Kṛṣṇa
• Devakī
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Bhīṣma
• Śantanu

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames a dharma-inquiry: after Kṛṣṇa’s counsel, Yudhiṣṭhira turns again to Bhīṣma as an authoritative elder to refine understanding of dharma, its reliable sources, and the norms of proper conduct.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana narrates that once Kṛṣṇa has finished speaking, Yudhiṣṭhira resumes questioning Bhīṣma, continuing the extended instruction on ethical and religious duties characteristic of the Anuśāsana Parva.