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Shloka 30

Pratyakṣa–Āgama–Ācāra: Doubt, Proof, and the Practice of Dharma (प्रत्यक्ष–आगम–आचारविचारः)

चारों वेदोंमें निष्णात होना और सब जीवोंके प्रति सरलताका बर्ताव करना--ये दोनों एक समान समझे जाते हैं अथवा सरलताका ही महत्त्व अधिक माना जाता है ।।

ārjavaṃ dharmam ity āhur adharmaḥ jihma ucyate | ārjaveneha saṃyukto naro dharmeṇa yujyate ||

มหาเทพทรงสอนว่า “ความซื่อตรง (อารชวะ) นั่นแลเรียกว่าธรรม ส่วนความคดโกงคดเคี้ยว (ชิหมะ) เรียกว่าอธรรม ผู้ใดประกอบพร้อมด้วยอารชวะในโลกนี้ ผู้นั้นย่อมประกอบพร้อมด้วยธรรม และเป็นผู้ควรแก่ผลแห่งธรรม แม้ความเชี่ยวชาญในพระเวททั้งสี่ก็ยังถูกนับว่าเสมอ—และบางแห่งต่ำกว่า—ความบริสุทธิ์ภายในเช่นนี้.”

आर्जवम्straightforwardness, rectitude
आर्जवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआर्जव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma, righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus, as
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
आहुःthey say
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह् (धा. √अह्/√ब्रू sense: to say)
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
अधर्मःunrighteousness, adharma
अधर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जिह्मःcrooked, deceitful
जिह्मः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजिह्म (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उच्यतेis called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (√वच्)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Passive (Karmani)
आर्जवेणby/with straightforwardness
आर्जवेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआर्जव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
इहhere (in this world/teaching)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
संयुक्तःendowed/connected (with)
संयुक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-युज् (√युज्) + क्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नरःa man, person
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मेणby/with dharma
धर्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
युज्यतेis joined/associated (with)
युज्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootयुज् (√युज्)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Passive (Karmani)

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī-Maheśvara (Mahādeva/Śiva)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is identified with ārjava—straightforward, honest, non-deceptive conduct—whereas crookedness (jihmatā) is adharma. Ethical integrity is presented as a decisive marker of righteousness, even outweighing mere scholarly attainment.

Śrī Maheśvara is instructing the listener within the Anuśāsana Parva’s didactic setting, defining dharma through character and behavior: the truly dhārmic person is one who lives with simplicity and sincerity and thereby becomes entitled to dharma’s results.