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Shloka 8

Vānaprastha-dharma and Tapas: Śiva–Umā Saṃvāda

Forest-Stage Discipline and Austerity

यश्चैतदेवं जानीयाज्ज्ञात्वा वा कुरुतेडनघ । सदोषो<दोषवांश्रेह तैर्गुणै: सह युज्यते

yaś caitad evaṁ jānīyāj jñātvā vā kurute 'nagha | sadoṣo 'doṣavān śreṣṭha tair guṇaiḥ saha yujyate ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “โอ้ผู้ปราศจากบาป ผู้ใดรู้คำสอนนี้ดังนี้ และเมื่อรู้แล้วประพฤติตาม แม้เคยมีมลทินแห่งโทษ ก็ย่อมหลุดพ้นจากโทษนั้น และประกอบพร้อมด้วยคุณธรรมเหล่านั้น ตั้งมั่นในความประเสริฐ”

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
जानीयात्should know / knows
जानीयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormKtva (absolutive/gerund)
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
कुरुतेdoes, practices
कुरुते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
अनघO sinless one
अनघ:
TypeNoun (vocative used as epithet)
Rootअनघ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सदोषःwith दोष (fault/sin), sinful
सदोषः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसदोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अदोषवान्faultless, free from दोष
अदोषवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअदोषवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इहhere (in this world/teaching)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
तैःby/with those
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
गुणैःwith virtues/qualities
गुणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
युज्यतेis joined/connected, becomes endowed
युज्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada (passive sense)
निष्पापO sinless one
निष्पाप:
TypeNoun (vocative used as epithet)
Rootनिष्पाप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नरेशO king (lord of men)
नरेश:
TypeNoun
Rootनर-ईश
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
King (addressed as anagha/śreṣṭha; likely Yudhishthira)

Educational Q&A

Mere awareness is not enough; when one truly understands dharma and then practices it, past moral faults lose their hold, and the person becomes established in virtues.

In Anushasana Parva, Bhishma continues instructing the king on dharma. Here he emphasizes the transformative effect of correctly understanding a teaching and living by it: ethical practice purifies and cultivates noble qualities.