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Shloka 35

Vānaprastha-dharma and Tapas: Śiva–Umā Saṃvāda

Forest-Stage Discipline and Austerity

तेडप्येवं नाभिजानन्ति पितृकार्यविनिश्चयम्‌ । वर्जयित्वा महात्मानं चिरजीविनमुत्तमम्‌

teḍ apy evaṁ nābhijānanti pitṛkārya-viniścayam | varjayitvā mahātmānaṁ cirajīvinam uttamam ||

แม้พวกเขาเองก็ยังไม่อาจรู้แจ้ง “ข้อวินิจฉัยอันถูกต้องแห่งกิจที่พึงกระทำเพื่อปิตฤ” ได้โดยแท้—เว้นแต่ท่านมหาตมันผู้สูงสุด ผู้ประเสริฐและยืนยาวเท่านั้น; มีเพียงท่านผู้เดียวที่ไม่ควรถูกตัดออกจากความรู้นี้

तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
एवम्thus/in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अभिजानन्तिknow/recognize
अभिजानन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-ज्ञा
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
पितृकार्यविनिश्चयम्the determination/decision regarding a father's rites/duty
पितृकार्यविनिश्चयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितृकार्यविनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वर्जयित्वाhaving excluded/excepting
वर्जयित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootवर्ज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
महात्मानम्the great-souled one
महात्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
चिरजीविनम्long-lived
चिरजीविनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootचिरजीविन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उत्तमम्the best/supreme
उत्तमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

देवदूत उवाच

देवदूत (divine messenger)
पितृ (ancestors / Pitṛs)
महात्मा (a great-souled person; unspecified here)

Educational Q&A

The verse stresses that correct discernment about duties owed to the ancestors (pitṛkārya) is subtle and often misunderstood; true clarity belongs to an exceptional, ethically elevated person (mahātmā), implying that guidance on such dharma should be sought from the truly wise and authoritative.

A divine messenger (devadūta) comments that people generally fail to grasp the proper decision regarding ancestral obligations, while singling out one supreme, long-lived great soul as an exception—someone whose understanding of pitṛ-dharma is reliable.