Shloka 57

Ahiṃsā as Threefold Restraint (Mind–Speech–Action) and the Ethics of Consumption

Devanagari script

यदि पुत्रसमं शिष्य॑ गुरुहन्यादकारणे । आत्मन: कामकारेण सोऊपि हिंस्र: प्रजायते

Transliteration

yadi putrasamaṁ śiṣyaṁ gurur hanyād akāraṇe | ātmanaḥ kāmakāreṇa so 'pi hiṁsraḥ prajāyate ||

Translation

หากครูผู้เป็นคุรุถูกครอบงำด้วยความเอาแต่ใจและความใคร่ของตน ฆ่าศิษย์ผู้ประดุจบุตรโดยไร้เหตุอันชอบธรรม คุรุนั้นเองก็ย่อมกลายเป็นผู้โหดร้ายอันประกอบด้วยความรุนแรง

Word by Word

• यदि: if
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि

• पुत्रसमम्: equal to a son
• पुत्रसमम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुत्र-सम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• शिष्यम्: disciple
• शिष्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिष्य
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• गुरुः: teacher
• गुरुः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• हन्यात्: should kill / were to kill
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन्
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अकारणे: without cause; in the absence of a reason
• अकारणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अ-कारण
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• आत्मनः: of oneself
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• कामकारेण: by acting according to desire; by whim
• कामकारेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम-कार
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अपि: also; even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• हिंस्रः: violent; harmful
• हिंस्रः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हिंस्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रजायते: is born; becomes
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-जा
• Form: Present (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

Speaker

युधिछिर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yudhiṣṭhira
• guru
• śiṣya