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Shloka 6

उपवासविधि-प्रश्नः

Inquiry into the Discipline of Fasting

ज्येष्ठ: कुलं वर्धयति विनाशयति वा पुन: । हन्ति सर्वमपि ज्येष्ठ: कुलं यत्रावजायते

Bhīṣma uvāca: jyeṣṭhaḥ kulaṃ vardhayati vināśayati vā punaḥ | hanti sarvam api jyeṣṭhaḥ kulaṃ yatrāvajāyate ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “พี่ใหญ่ย่อมทำให้ตระกูลรุ่งเรืองได้ หรือจะนำพาไปสู่ความพินาศก็ได้ แท้จริง หากพี่ใหญ่มีสันดานตกต่ำและน่าดูหมิ่น เขาย่อมทำลายทั้งวงศ์ตระกูลที่ตนถือกำเนิดมาได้”

ज्येष्ठःthe eldest (brother)
ज्येष्ठः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कुलम्family, lineage
कुलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वर्धयतिincreases, promotes
वर्धयति:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध् (धातु)
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
विनाशयतिdestroys, ruins
विनाशयति:
TypeVerb
Rootनश् (धातु) (वि-√नश् causative)
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
पुनःagain; on the other hand
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
हन्तिkills; destroys
हन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सर्वम्all, entire
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अपिeven; also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
ज्येष्ठःthe eldest (brother)
ज्येष्ठः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कुलम्family, lineage
कुलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र (अव्यय)
अवजायतेis born (in/into); comes to be
अवजायते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (धातु) (ava-√जन्, आत्मनेपद)
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Atmanepada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

The moral weight of the eldest is decisive: by good conduct he becomes the pillar of the lineage, but by corrupt conduct he can become the cause of its collapse. Seniority is presented as a position of heightened dharmic accountability.

In the Anushasana Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira on social and familial ethics. Here he stresses how the character and choices of the family’s eldest strongly shape the fate of the entire kula.