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Shloka 196

आचारप्रशंसा

Praise of Ācāra as the Basis of Longevity, Fame, and Prosperity

सर्वास्तान्‌ धार्मिको राजा शूद्रकर्माणि कारयेत्‌ | जो द्विज न तो प्रातःकालकी संध्या करते हैं और न सायंकालकी ही, उन सबसे धार्मिक राजा शूद्रोचित कर्म करावे

sarvāṁs tān dhārmiko rājā śūdrakarmāṇi kārayet | ye dvijā na prātaḥkālasandhyāṁ kurvanti na sāyaṁkālasandhyām api, tān sarvān dhārmiko rājā śūdrocityaṁ karma kārayet ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “ผู้เป็นราชาผู้ทรงธรรมพึงให้ชนเหล่านั้นกระทำกิจอันสมควรแก่ศูทร บรรดาทวิชะผู้ไม่ประกอบพิธีสนธยาในยามเช้าและยามเย็นทั้งหมดนั้น พึงถูกผู้ปกครองผู้ตั้งมั่นในธรรมกำหนดให้ทำงานอันเหมาะแก่ศูทร”

सर्वान्all (of them)
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तान्those
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
धार्मिकःrighteous
धार्मिकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधार्मिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शूद्रकर्माणिŚūdra-type duties/works
शूद्रकर्माणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्रकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
कारयेत्should cause (them) to do / should make (them) perform
कारयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (कारयति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, true

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājā (the king)
D
dvija (twice-born)
Ś
śūdra
P
prātaḥ-sandhyā (morning Sandhyā)
S
sāyaṁ-sandhyā (evening Sandhyā)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that a ruler who upholds dharma should enforce responsibility: a dvija who abandons obligatory daily rites like morning and evening Sandhyā forfeits the privileges of dvija-conduct and may be assigned śūdra-appropriate work, emphasizing that status is tied to disciplined practice.

In Bhishma’s instruction on governance and dharma, he advises the king on how to respond to ritual negligence among the twice-born: the king should correct social and religious disorder by compelling such offenders to perform lower-status duties.