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Shloka 13

Āpava

Vasiṣṭha) and the Vasus: the Kāmadhenu Theft and the Curse (Śaṃtanu–Gaṅgā Saṃvāda

नाब्राह्मण: कृपणो जातु जीवेद्‌ याच्ञापि स्याद्‌ ब्राह्मणी वीरपत्नी । सो<हं नैवाकृतपूर्व चरेय॑ विधित्समान: किमु तत्र साधु,जो ब्राह्मण नहीं है, उसे दीन याचक बनकर कभी जीवन नहीं बिताना चाहिये। याचना तो विद्यासे दिग्विजय करनेवाले विद्वान ब्राह्मणकी पत्नी है अर्थात ब्रह्मवेत्ता ब्राह्मणको ही याचना करनेका अधिकार है। मुझे उत्तम सत्कर्म करनेकी इच्छा है; अतः ऐसा कोई कार्य कैसे कर सकता हूँ, जो पहले कभी नहीं किया हो

nābrāhmaṇaḥ kṛpaṇo jātu jīved yācñāpi syād brāhmaṇī vīrapatnī | so 'haṃ naivākṛtapūrvaṃ careyaṃ vidhitsamānaḥ kim u tatra sādhu ||

อัษฏกะกล่าวว่า “ผู้ที่มิใช่พราหมณ์ไม่พึงดำรงชีพเป็นขอทานอันน่าเวทนาเลย การขอทานเป็นวัตรนั้นเป็นของเรือนพราหมณ์—ยิ่งเป็นของภรรยาพราหมณ์ผู้กล้าหาญและทรงวิทยา—เพราะผู้รู้พรหมันเท่านั้นจึงมีสิทธิ์ในวินัยเช่นนั้น ข้าปรารถนาจะกระทำสิ่งที่ดีและชอบธรรมแท้จริง แล้วข้าจะทำกิจที่ไม่เคยปฏิบัติมาก่อนได้อย่างไร?”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अब्राह्मणःa non-Brahmin
अब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृपणःmiserly / wretched (as a beggar)
कृपणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृपण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जातुever, at any time
जातु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootजातु
जीवेत्should live
जीवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootजीव्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
याच्ञाbegging, solicitation
याच्ञा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयाच्ञा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven, also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
स्यात्should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ब्राह्मणीa Brahmin woman
ब्राह्मणी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मणी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
वीरपत्नीwife of a hero (i.e., of a valiant man)
वीरपत्नी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवीरपत्नी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अकृतपूर्वम्not done before, unprecedented
अकृतपूर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअकृतपूर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चरेयम्should I do / should I practice
चरेयम्:
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
विधित्समानःdesiring to do (to perform)
विधित्समानः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविधित्समान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
किम्what?
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
indeed, then (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्रthere, in that matter
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
साधुgood, proper
साधु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाधु

अष्टक उवाच

A
Aṣṭaka
B
brāhmaṇa
B
brāhmaṇī (brāhmaṇa’s wife)
Y
yācñā (begging)

Educational Q&A

The verse stresses propriety of conduct (dharma) according to one’s station and training: adopting begging as a livelihood is portrayed as a regulated discipline associated with brāhmaṇas, not a desperate habit for others. Aṣṭaka emphasizes integrity—seeking ‘sādhu’ (the right/good) and refusing to take up an unpracticed, unsuitable means of living.

Aṣṭaka is reflecting on what course of action is appropriate for him. He rejects the idea of living by begging, arguing that such a practice is traditionally tied to brāhmaṇa life and discipline, and he insists on choosing a path consistent with righteous intention and his own established conduct.