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Shloka 42

ययाति–देवयानी संवादः

Yayāti–Devayānī Dialogue and Śukra’s Consent

चिरं गतं पुनः कन्या पित्रे त॑ं संन्यवेदयत्‌ । विप्रेण पुनराहूतो विद्यया गुरुदेहज: । पुनरावृत्य तद्‌ वृत्तं न्‍्यवेदयत तद्‌ यथा,जब उसके लौटनेमें विलम्ब हुआ, तब आचार्यकन्याने पितासे पुनः यह बात बतायी। विप्रवर शुक्राचार्यने कचका पुनः संजीवनी विद्याद्वारा आवाहन किया। इससे बृहस्पतिपूुत्र कच पुनः वहाँ आ पहुँचे और उनके साथ असुरोंने जो बर्ताव किया था, वह बताया

ciraṁ gataṁ punaḥ kanyā pitre taṁ saṁnyavedayat | vipreṇa punarāhūto vidyayā gurudehajaḥ | punarāvṛtya tad vṛttaṁ nyavedayata tad yathā ||

เมื่อเขากลับมาช้าเนิ่นนาน ธิดาจึงไปกราบทูลบิดาอีกครั้ง ครั้นแล้วพราหมณ์ผู้ประเสริฐ ศุกฺราจารย์ ใช้วิทยาสัญชีวนีเรียกกจะ บุตรแห่งครู (พฤหัสบดี) ให้กลับคืนมา ครั้นกจะกลับมาแล้ว ก็เล่าเหตุการณ์ทั้งหมดตามจริงว่าอสูรทั้งหลายปฏิบัติต่อเขาอย่างไร

चिरम्for a long time
चिरम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचिरम्
Formindeclinable (adverb)
गतम्gone; having gone
गतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formpast passive participle; nominative/accusative singular neuter (used predicatively)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
Formindeclinable (adverb)
कन्याthe maiden (daughter)
कन्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या
Formfeminine; nominative singular
पित्रेto (her) father
पित्रे:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
Formmasculine; dative singular
तम्that (matter/him)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine; accusative singular
संन्यवेदयत्reported; informed
संन्यवेदयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-नि-विद्
Formimperfect (laṅ); parasmaipada; 3rd person singular
विप्रेणby the brahmin (Śukra)
विप्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
Formmasculine; instrumental singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
Formindeclinable (adverb)
आहूतःcalled; summoned
आहूतः:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-ह्वा
Formpast passive participle; nominative singular masculine
विद्ययाby (means of) the knowledge/spell
विद्यया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविद्या
Formfeminine; instrumental singular
गुरुदेहजःthe son born of the guru (i.e., Bṛhaspati’s son)
गुरुदेहजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु-देहज
Formmasculine; nominative singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
Formindeclinable (adverb)
आवृत्यhaving returned
आवृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-वृत्
Formabsolutive (ktvā/lyap); indeclinable
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter; accusative singular
वृत्तम्the event; what happened
वृत्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्त
Formneuter; accusative singular
न्यवेदयत्reported; told
न्यवेदयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-विद्
Formimperfect (laṅ); parasmaipada; 3rd person singular
तत्thus; that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter; accusative singular (adverbial: 'thus')
यथाas; in the manner that
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
Formindeclinable

शुक्र उवाच

Ś
Śukra (Śukrācārya)
K
Kaca
D
Devayānī (implied by 'kanyā' in this episode)
B
Bṛhaspati (implied by 'gurudehajaḥ')
A
Asuras (implied by the narrative context of their treatment)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical responsibility of a teacher to safeguard and restore a deserving student, and it exposes how envy-driven violence (the Asuras’ conduct) is ultimately countered by knowledge, duty, and truthful testimony.

Devayānī, worried by Kaca’s delayed return, informs her father Śukra. Śukra uses the Saṁjīvanī-vidyā to summon/revive Kaca, who returns and reports in detail the mistreatment he suffered at the hands of the Asuras.