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Shloka 28

ययाति–देवयानी संवादः

Yayāti–Devayānī Dialogue and Śukra’s Consent

गा रक्षन्तं वने दृष्टवा रहस्येकममर्षिता: । जघ्नुर्बृहस्पतेद्?ैषाद्‌ विद्यारक्षार्थमेव च,इस प्रकार वहाँ रहकर ब्रह्मचर्य त्रतका पालन करते हुए कचके पाँच सौ वर्ष व्यतीत हो गये। तब दानवोंको यह बात मालूम हुई। तदनन्तर कचको वनके एकान्त प्रदेशमें अकेले गौएँ चराते देख बृहस्पतिके द्वेषसे और संजीवनी विद्याकी रक्षाके लिये क्रोधमें भरे हुए दानवोंने कचको मार डाला

gā rakṣantaṁ vane dṛṣṭvā rahasy ekam amarṣitāḥ | jaghnur bṛhaspateḥ dveṣād vidyā-rakṣārtham eva ca ||

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า—เมื่อเห็นกจะอยู่ลำพังในป่า ณ ที่ลับสงัด กำลังเฝ้าฝูงโค เหล่าอสูรผู้เดือดดาลด้วยความคับแค้น จึงสังหารเขา ด้วยความเป็นศัตรูต่อพฤหัสปติ และเพื่อพิทักษ์วิชาไว้เท่านั้น

गाःcows
गाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
रक्षन्तम्protecting/guarding
रक्षन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
वनेin the forest
वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), Parasmaipada
रहसिin secret, privately
रहसि:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootरहस्
एकम्alone, single
एकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अमर्षिताःenraged, intolerant
अमर्षिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअमर्षित
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
जघ्नुःthey killed
जघ्नुः:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
बृहस्पतेःof Bṛhaspati
बृहस्पतेः:
TypeNoun
Rootबृहस्पति
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
द्वेषात्from hatred, out of hatred
द्वेषात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootद्वेष
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
विद्याof the knowledge
विद्या:
TypeNoun
Rootविद्या
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
रक्षार्थम्for the sake of protection
रक्षार्थम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootरक्षा-अर्थ
Formअर्थम् (acc. sg.) used adverbially
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
Kaca
A
Asuras (Dānavas)
B
Bṛhaspati
F
Forest (vana)
C
Cows (gāḥ)
S
Sañjīvanī-vidyā (reviving knowledge)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how envy and factional hatred can drive people to unethical violence, even against a solitary, duty-bound student. It also frames sacred knowledge as something communities may try to guard—yet the means of guarding it (murder) becomes a moral failure, contrasting secrecy and power with dharmic restraint.

Kaca, alone in a secluded part of the forest while tending cattle, is spotted by the asuras. Fearing he will obtain the sañjīvanī-vidyā and motivated by hostility toward Bṛhaspati’s side, they kill him to prevent that knowledge from passing to their rivals.