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Shloka 16

कच-देवयानी संवादः

Kaca–Devayānī Dialogue and the Curse on Vidyā

निर्जने तु वने यस्माच्छकुन्तै: परिवारिता । शकुन्तलेति नामास्या: कृतं चापि ततो मया,निर्जन वनमें इसे शकुन्तोंने घेर रखा था, इसलिये “शकुन्तान्‌ लाति रक्षकत्वेन गृह्नाति' इस व्युत्पत्तिक अनुसार इस कन्याका नाम मैंने 'शकुन्तला” रख दिया

nirjane tu vane yasmāc chakuntaiḥ parivāritā | śakuntaleti nāmāsyāḥ kṛtaṃ cāpi tato mayā ||

กัณวะกล่าวว่า “เพราะในป่ารกร้างอันสงัดนั้น นางถูกเหล่าศกุนตะ (นกทั้งหลาย) โอบล้อมและคอยดูแล ข้าจึงตั้งนามนางว่า ‘ศกุนตลา’”

निर्जनेin a solitary (place)
निर्जने:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्जन
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
वनेin the forest
वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
यस्मात्because of which/from which
यस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
शकुन्तैःby birds (śakuntas)
शकुन्तैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशकुन्त
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
परिवारिताsurrounded/encircled
परिवारिता:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-√वृ (वृणोति/वृ)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
शकुन्तलाŚakuntalā (name)
शकुन्तला:
TypeNoun
Rootशकुन्तला
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus/so (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
नामname
नाम:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनामन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अस्याःof her
अस्याः:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
कृतम्made/assigned
कृतम्:
TypeVerb
Root√कृ
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
ततःtherefore/from that (reason)
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

कण्व उवाच

K
Kaṇva
Ś
Śakuntalā
F
forest (vana)
Ś
śakuntas (birds)

Educational Q&A

A guardian’s dharma includes protecting the vulnerable and honoring their circumstances through meaningful rites such as naming; identity is linked to care, origin, and social recognition.

Kaṇva explains why he named the girl ‘Śakuntalā’: she was found/kept in a lonely forest while surrounded by śakuntas (birds), and this circumstance became the basis of her name.