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Shloka 55

Śakuntalā-Janma-Nāmakaraṇa (Birth and Naming of Śakuntalā) | शकुन्तला-जन्म-नामकरणम्

भयो महाभयश्चैव मृत्युर्भूतान्तकस्तथा । न तस्य भार्या पुत्रो वा कश्चिदस्त्यन्तको हि सः,उनके नाम इस प्रकार हैं--भय, महाभय और मृत्यु। उनमें मृत्यु समस्त प्राणियोंका अन्त करनेवाला है। उसके पत्नी या पुत्र कोई नहीं है, क्योंकि वह सबका अन्त करनेवाला है

bhayo mahābhayaś caiva mṛtyur bhūtāntakas tathā | na tasya bhāryā putro vā kaścid asty antako hi saḥ ||

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า—มีนามว่า ‘ภยะ’ ‘มหาภยะ’ และ ‘มฤตยู’ ผู้เป็น ‘ภูตานตกะ’ คือผู้ยุติสรรพชีวิต มฤตยูนั้นไม่มีทั้งภรรยาและบุตร เพราะเขาเองคือหลักแห่งการสิ้นสุดของทุกผู้

भयःFear (a personified being)
भयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाभयःGreat Fear (a personified being)
महाभयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहाभय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/also
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
मृत्युःDeath (personified)
मृत्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूतान्तकःender/destroyer of beings
भूतान्तकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूतान्तक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाlikewise/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तस्यof him/of that one
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
भार्याwife
भार्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभार्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
कश्चित्anyone/any (person)
कश्चित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अन्तकःEnder; Death
अन्तकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिfor/indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
B
Bhaya
M
Mahābhaya
M
Mṛtyu (Antaka/Bhūtāntaka)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the inevitability and universality of death: Mṛtyu is defined as the end of all beings, and therefore stands outside ordinary social continuities like spouse and offspring. It frames death not merely as an event but as a cosmic function within the moral and natural order.

Vaiśampāyana is listing and characterizing personified forces—Fear, Great Fear, and Death—highlighting Death (Mṛtyu) as Bhūtāntaka/Antaka, the terminator of all creatures, and stating that he has no wife or son because his role is to end all.