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Shloka 33

Śakuntalā-Janma-Nāmakaraṇa (Birth and Naming of Śakuntalā) | शकुन्तला-जन्म-नामकरणम्

कामस्य तु रतिर्भार्या शमस्य प्राप्तिरड्नना | नन्दा तु भार्या हर्षस्थ यासु लोका: प्रतिछ्तिता:,कामकी पत्नीका नाम रति है। शमकी भार्या प्राप्ति है। हर्षकी पत्नी नन्‍्दा है। इन्हींमें सम्पूर्ण लोक प्रतिष्ठित हैं

vaiśampāyana uvāca | kāmasya tu ratir bhāryā śamasya prāptir aṅganā | nandā tu bhāryā harṣasya yāsu lokāḥ pratiṣṭhitāḥ ||

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า—รตีเป็นชายาของกามะ; ปราปติเป็นคู่ครองของศมะ; และนันทาเป็นชายาของหรรษะ. กล่าวกันว่าโลกทั้งหลายตั้งมั่นอยู่บนสิ่งเหล่านี้

कामस्यof Kāma (desire-god / desire)
कामस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
रतिःRati (love/pleasure; name of a goddess)
रतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
भार्याwife
भार्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभार्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
शमस्यof Śama (tranquillity/personified Śama)
शमस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
प्राप्तिःPrāpti (attainment; name of a goddess)
प्राप्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राप्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अङ्गनाlady/woman
अङ्गना:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्गना
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
नन्दाNandā (name of a goddess)
नन्दा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनन्दा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तुand/but/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
भार्याwife
भार्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभार्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
हर्षस्यof Harṣa (joy/personified Harṣa)
हर्षस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootहर्ष
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
यासुin whom/among whom
यासु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
लोकाःworlds/people
लोकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रतिष्ठिताःestablished/founded
प्रतिष्ठिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतिष्ठित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
Kāma
R
Rati
Ś
Śama
P
Prāpti
H
Harṣa
N
Nandā
L
Lokāḥ (the worlds)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents a moral-cosmic psychology through personification: desire (kāma) naturally seeks pleasure (rati), tranquillity/self-control (śama) leads to attainment (prāpti), and joy (harṣa) is sustained by contentment (nandā). Together they indicate that worldly stability depends on balancing desire with restraint, and grounding life in contentment.

Vaiśampāyana is describing abstract forces as divine-like couples—Kāma with Rati, Śama with Prāpti, and Harṣa with Nandā—stating that the worlds are ‘established’ upon them. It functions as a reflective, didactic statement within the Adi Parva’s broader genealogical and cosmological discourse.