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Shloka 3

Duḥṣanta at Kaṇva-Āśrama; Śakuntalā’s Reception and Origin Prelude (दुःषन्तस्य कण्वाश्रमागमनम्)

ते5मरारिविनाशाय सर्वलोकहिताय च । अवतेरु: क्रमेणैव महीं स्वर्गाद्‌ दिवौकस:,तब देवतालोग सम्पूर्ण लोकोंके हित तथा राक्षसोंके विनाशके लिये स्वर्गसे पृथ्वीपर आकर क्रमश: अवतीर्ण होने लगे

te 'marārivināśāya sarvalokahitāya ca | avateruḥ krameṇaiva mahīṃ svargād divaukasaḥ ||

เพื่อทำลายศัตรูของเหล่าเทพ และเพื่อประโยชน์สุขแห่งสรรพโลก เหล่าเทพผู้พำนักในสวรรค์จึงเสด็จลงจากสวรรค์สู่แผ่นดิน โดยปรากฏกายตามลำดับอย่างเป็นระเบียบ

तेthey (those)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अमर-अरि-विनाशायfor the destruction of the enemies of the immortals (gods)
अमर-अरि-विनाशाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootविनाश
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
सर्व-लोक-हितायfor the welfare of all worlds/people
सर्व-लोक-हिताय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootहित
FormNeuter, Dative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवतेरुःdescended
अवतेरुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअव + तॄ
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
क्रमेणin due order / step by step
क्रमेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्रम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
महीम्the earth
महीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमही
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
स्वर्गात्from heaven
स्वर्गात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
दिवौकसःthe gods (heaven-dwellers)
दिवौकसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदिवौकस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशमग्पायन उवाच

A
amarāḥ (gods/celestials)
A
ari (enemies of the gods)
S
svarga (heaven)
M
mahī (earth)
S
sarvaloka (all worlds/peoples)

Educational Q&A

When disorder threatens the world, higher powers act for the common good: the verse frames divine descent as purposeful—protecting all beings and removing forces hostile to dharma.

Vaiśaṃpāyana states that the gods, leaving heaven, descend to earth in an orderly sequence, taking birth/manifesting there to secure the welfare of the worlds and to destroy the gods’ adversaries.