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Shloka 20

Adhyāya 60: Devagaṇa–Ṛṣi–Prajāpatīnāṃ Sambhavaḥ

Origins of Divine Classes, Sages, and Progenitors

पितामहानां सर्वेषां दैवेनानिष्टचेतसाम्‌ । कार्त्स्न्येनितन्ममाचक्ष्व यथावृत्तं द्विजोत्तम,द्विजश्रेष्ठट जान पड़ता है, प्रारब्धने ही प्रेरणा करके मेरे सब प्रपितामहोंके मनको युद्धरूपी अनिष्टमें लगा दिया था। उनके इस सम्पूर्ण वृत्तानन्‍्तका आप यथावत्‌ रूपसे वर्णन करें

pitāmahānāṁ sarveṣāṁ daivenāniṣṭa-cetasām | kārtsnyenaitanmamācakṣva yathāvṛttaṁ dvijottama ||

ข้าแต่ทวิชผู้ประเสริฐ โปรดเล่าแก่ข้าพเจ้าโดยพิสดาร ตามที่เกิดขึ้นจริง ว่าเพราะอำนาจแห่งชะตากรรม ใจของบรรพชนทั้งปวงของข้าพเจ้าจึงหันไปสู่สิ่งอันไม่พึงปรารถนา—คือมหันตภัยแห่งสงคราม—ได้อย่างไร

पितामहानाम्of the grandfathers/forefathers
पितामहानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
सर्वेषाम्of all
सर्वेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
दैवेनby fate; by divine dispensation
दैवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदैव
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अनिष्टचेतसाम्of those whose minds were set on what is undesirable/inauspicious
अनिष्टचेतसाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअनिष्टचेतस्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
कार्त्स्न्येनcompletely; in entirety
कार्त्स्न्येन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकार्त्स्न्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ममof me; my
मम:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
आचक्ष्वtell; relate
आचक्ष्व:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चक्ष्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
यथाas; in the manner that
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
वृत्तम्what happened; the event
वृत्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
द्विजोत्तमO best of the twice-born (brahmin)
द्विजोत्तम:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजोत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

जनमेजय उवाच

J
Janamejaya
D
dvijottama (the sage being addressed, i.e., Vaiśampāyana in the broader frame)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds the Mahābhārata’s ethical tension between human agency and daiva (fate): catastrophic conflict arises when minds are drawn toward aniṣṭa (harm), and the listener seeks a truthful, complete account to understand causality and responsibility.

King Janamejaya requests the sage to narrate, in full and exactly as it happened, how his ancestors’ minds became inclined toward the disastrous course that culminated in war, setting up a detailed recounting of antecedent events.