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Shloka 12

Nāga-prādhānya-nāma-kathana

Principal Nāga Names Enumerated

जुह॒वुस्ते सुतपसो विधिवज्जातवेदसम्‌ । मन्त्रैरुच्चावचैरविप्रा येन कामेन तच्छुणु,ब्राह्मणो! वे उत्तम तपस्वी वालखिल्य मनमें जो कामना रखकर छोटे-बड़े मन्त्रोंद्वारा विधिपूर्वक अग्निमें आहुति देते थे, वह बताता हूँ, सुनिये

juhavus te sutapaso vidhivaj jātavedasam | mantrair uccāvacair aviprā yena kāmena tac chṛṇu, brāhmaṇa ||

เศานกะกล่าวว่า “เหล่าตบะผู้เคร่งครัดนั้น ผู้ไม่บกพร่องในจรรยาพราหมณ์ ได้ถวายอาหุติลงในชาตเวทัส (อัคนี) ตามพิธี ด้วยมนตร์นานาประการ ทั้งสูงทั้งต่ำ โอ พราหมณ์ จงฟังเถิด เราจักบอกความปรารถนาที่ท่านทั้งหลายกระทำอาหุติเพื่อสิ่งนั้น”

जुहुवुःthey offered (as oblations)
जुहुवुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहु (जुहोति)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
तेthose (they)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सुतपसःof good/arduous austerity; very ascetic
सुतपसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुतपस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विधिवत्according to rule, duly
विधिवत्:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविधिवत्
जातवेदसम्Jātavedas (Agni)
जातवेदसम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजातवेदस्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मन्त्रैःwith mantras
मन्त्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
उच्चावचैःvarious (high and low), diverse
उच्चावचैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootउच्चावच
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अविप्राःnon-Brahmins (not vipras)
अविप्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअविप्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येनby which; with which
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
कामेनwith desire; for the sake of a wish
कामेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तत्that (thing/matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शृणुhear; listen
शृणु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (शृणोति)
FormImperative (लोट्), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ब्राह्मणःthe Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

शौनक उवाच

Ś
Śaunaka
B
Brāhmaṇa (addressee)
J
Jātavedas (Agni)
A
ascetics (tapasaḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that ritual action (homa into Agni) is to be performed vidhivat—according to prescribed rule—and that the ethical-spiritual meaning depends on the intention (kāma/purpose) behind the act, not merely on external performance.

Śaunaka addresses a Brahmin listener and introduces an explanation: certain ascetics performed proper fire-offerings with various mantras, and he is about to state the specific desire or objective for which they undertook that rite.