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Shloka 21

Garuḍa Learns the Cause of Vinatā’s Bondage and the Nāgas Demand Amṛta (Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 23)

दिवाकर: परिकुपितो यथा दहेत्‌ प्रजास्तथा दहसि हुताशनप्रभ । भयंकर: प्रलय इवाग्निरुत्थितो विनाशयन्‌ युगपरिवर्तनान्तकृत्‌,अग्निके समान प्रकाशित होनेवाले देव! जैसे सूर्य क़ुद्ध होनेपर सबको जला सकते हैं, उसी प्रकार आप भी कुपित होनेपर सम्पूर्ण प्रजाको दग्ध कर डालते हैं। आप युगान्तकारी कालके भी काल हैं और प्रलयकालमें सबका विनाश करनेके लिये भयंकर संवर्तकाग्निके रूपमें प्रकट होते हैं

divākaraḥ parikupito yathā dahet prajāḥ tathā dahasi hutāśanaprabha | bhayaṅkaraḥ pralaya ivāgnir utthito vināśayan yugaparivartanāntakṛt ||

เศานกะกล่าวว่า “โอ้ผู้รุ่งโรจน์ดุจเปลวเพลิง! ดุจดังสุริยะเมื่อกริ้วกราดย่อมเผาผลาญสรรพสัตว์ได้ทั้งสิ้น ฉันใด ท่านเมื่อพิโรธก็ย่อมแผดเผาโลกแห่งหมู่สัตว์ทั้งปวงฉันนั้น ท่านน่ากลัวยิ่งดุจไฟแห่งปรลัย ลุกขึ้นเพื่อทำลาย เป็นผู้ปิดฉากเมื่อยุกะผันแปร และในกาลสิ้นโลก ท่านเป็นแม้กระทั่ง ‘ความตาย’ ของกาลเวลาเอง”

दिवाकरःthe Sun
दिवाकरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदिवाकर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परिकुपितःfully enraged
परिकुपितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि+कुपित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यथाas/just as
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
दहेत्would burn
दहेत्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदह्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रजाःcreatures/subjects
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
तथाso/in the same way
तथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
दहसिyou burn
दहसि:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदह्
FormPresent (Lat), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
हुताशन-प्रभO one having the radiance of fire
हुताशन-प्रभ:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootहुताशनप्रभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
भयंकरःterrible
भयंकरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभयंकर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रलयःdissolution/deluge
प्रलयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रलय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike/as if
इव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अग्निःfire
अग्निः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उत्थितःarisen/risen up
उत्थितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्+स्था (उत्थित)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विनाशयन्destroying
विनाशयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि+नश् (णिच्) (विनाशयत्)
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
युग-परिवर्तन-अन्तकृत्the maker of the end that is the turning of the age (yuga-ending agent)
युग-परिवर्तन-अन्तकृत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुगपरिवर्तनान्तकृत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

शौनक उवाच

Ś
Śaunaka
D
Divākara (Sun)
H
Hutāśana (Fire)
P
Pralaya (cosmic dissolution)
Y
Yuga (cosmic age)

Educational Q&A

The verse emphasizes the overwhelming, world-affecting power of the divine: like the sun or the fire of cosmic dissolution, divine wrath is not merely personal emotion but a force that can unmake creation. Ethically, it frames divine power as something to be approached with reverence and restraint, underscoring the stakes of anger and the need for harmony with cosmic order.

Śaunaka addresses a blazing, fire-like divine presence, praising and warning of its destructive capacity by comparing it to the sun’s scorching heat and the terrifying fire at the end of an age (pralaya). The speech heightens the scene’s intensity by invoking yuga-ending imagery and portraying the addressee as an agent of cosmic transition and destruction.