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Shloka 18

Indraprastha Prosperity and the Arjuna–Kṛṣṇa Yamunā Excursion (इन्द्रप्रस्थ-वैभवम् तथा यमुनाविहारः)

के | 7 “/ तच्छुत्वा त्वब्रवीद्‌ राजा कस्य पुत्रोड5सि नाम किम्‌ | उवाच तं पाण्डवोडहं कुन्तीपुत्रो धनंजय:,यह सुनकर राजाने पूछा--“आप किनके पुत्र हैं और आपका क्‍या नाम है?' अर्जुनने उत्तर दिया, “मैं महाराज पाण्डु तथा कुन्तीदेवीका पुत्र हूँ। मुझे लोग धनंजय कहते हैं'

Tac chrutvā tv abravīd rājā: kasya putro ’si, nāma kim? Uvāca taṃ Pāṇḍavo ’haṃ, Kuntīputro Dhanaṃjayaḥ.

เมื่อได้ฟังดังนั้น พระราชาตรัสถามว่า—“เจ้าเป็นบุตรของผู้ใด และชื่ออะไร?” เขาทูลตอบว่า—“ข้าพระองค์เป็นโอรสของปาณฑุ เป็นโอรสของกุนตี ผู้คนเรียกข้าพระองค์ว่า ธนัญชัย.”

तत्that (speech/statement)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कस्यof whom/whose
कस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
असिare
असि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent (लट्), 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
नामindeed/namely (particle)
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनामन्
किम्what
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पाण्डवःthe Pandava (Arjuna)
पाण्डवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
कुन्तीपुत्रःKunti's son
कुन्तीपुत्रः:
TypeNoun
Rootकुन्तीपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धनंजयःDhananjaya (conqueror of wealth; Arjuna)
धनंजयः:
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
T
the king (rājā)
A
Arjuna
P
Pāṇḍu
K
Kuntī
D
Dhanaṃjaya

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dharmic clarity in speech: when questioned by authority, one should answer truthfully and plainly, grounding identity in rightful lineage and recognized name—an ethical norm in royal and social conduct.

A king, after hearing something about the speaker, asks for his parentage and name. Arjuna responds by identifying himself as Pāṇḍu’s son through Kuntī and gives his well-known epithet, Dhanaṃjaya.