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Shloka 4

Draupadī-vivāha-vidhāna

The Ritual Formalization of Draupadī’s Marriage

कुन्त्युवाच इयं तु कन्या द्रुपदस्य राज्ञ: तवानुजाभ्यां मयि संनिविष्टा यथोचितं पुत्र मयापि चोक्तं समेत्य भुड्क्तेति नृप प्रमादात्‌,कुन्तीने कहा--बेटा! यह राजा द्रुपदकी कन्या द्रौपदी है। तुम्हारे छोटे भाई भीमसेन और अर्जुनने इसे भिक्षा कहकर मुझे समर्पित किया और मैंने भी (इसे देखे बिना ही) भूलसे (भिक्षा ही समझकर) अनुरूप उत्तर दे दिया--'तुम सब लोग मिलकर इसे पाओ'

kuntī uvāca—iyaṃ tu kanyā drupadasya rājñaḥ tavānujābhyāṃ mayi saṃniviṣṭā | yathocitaṃ putra mayāpi coktaṃ sametya bhuṅkteti nṛpa pramādāt ||

กุนตีตรัสว่า “ลูกเอ๋ย นางผู้นี้คือธราวปที ธิดาแห่งพระเจ้าทรุปทะ น้องชายของเจ้า ภีมเสนและอรชุน นำนางมามอบแก่ข้าโดยเรียกว่า ‘ทาน’ และข้าก็มิได้เห็นนาง จึงเผลอตอบตามถ้อยคำสำหรับทานว่า ‘จงแบ่งกันร่วมกัน’ ข้าแต่พระราชา วาจานั้นหลุดไปด้วยความเผลอเรอ”

कुन्तीKunti
कुन्ती:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुन्ती
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
इयम्this (woman)
इयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
कन्याmaiden/daughter
कन्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
द्रुपदस्यof Drupada
द्रुपदस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुपद
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular, —
अनुजाभ्याम्by (your) two younger brothers
अनुजाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअनुज
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Dual
मयिin/unto me
मयि:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormLocative, Singular, —
संनिविष्टाplaced/entrusted (to me)
संनिविष्टा:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-नि-विश्
FormPast passive participle, Feminine, Nominative, Singular
यथाas/according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
उचितम्proper/appropriate
उचितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउचित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पुत्रO son
पुत्र:
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular, —
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उक्तम्said/uttered
उक्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPast passive participle, Neuter, Nominative, Singular
समेत्यhaving come together
समेत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-इ
FormGerund (absolutive)
भुङ्क्तenjoy/share (you all)
भुङ्क्त:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
FormImperative, Second, Plural, Parasmaipada
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रमादात्from inadvertence/by mistake
प्रमादात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाद
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

K
Kuntī
D
Draupadī
D
Drupada
B
Bhīmasena
A
Arjuna
P
Pāṇḍavas (implied by 'your younger brothers')
K
King (nṛpa; addressee, contextually Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the frame narrative)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical weight of speech and the unintended consequences of words spoken according to habit or duty. Kuntī’s ‘proper’ response to alms, uttered without full knowledge, becomes binding and shapes a major dharmic dilemma, illustrating how intention, context, and responsibility intersect in dharma.

After the svayaṃvara, Bhīma and Arjuna bring Draupadī home and, calling her ‘bhikṣā’ (alms), present her to their mother. Kuntī, not seeing what has been brought, tells them to share it together—an inadvertent instruction that sets the stage for Draupadī’s marriage to the five Pāṇḍavas.