Mahabharata 1.175.40 — Adi Parva, Adhyaya 175, Shloka 40

पाण्डवानां पाञ्चालगमनम्

The Pāṇḍavas’ Journey toward Pāñcāla and News of the Svayaṃvara

Devanagari script

अवाकीर्यत संरब्धैर्विश्वामित्रस्य पश्यत: । एकैकश्न तदा योध: पञ्चभि: सप्तभिव्वृत:

Transliteration

avākīryata saṃrabdhair viśvāmitrasya paśyataḥ | ekaikaśas tadā yodhaḥ pañcabhiḥ saptabhir vṛtaḥ ||

Translation

ต่อหน้าต่อตาวิสวามิตร เหล่านักรบผู้เดือดดาลได้ทำให้กองทัพของเขาปั่นป่วนและแตกกระจาย ในเวลานั้นทหารแต่ละคนของเขาถูกล้อมไว้—บางคนถูกล้อมด้วยห้าคน บางคนด้วยเจ็ดคน—จนกองทัพฝ่ายตรงข้ามเข้าท่วมทับด้วยจำนวนและความกราดเกรี้ยว

Word by Word

• अवाकीर्यत: was scattered / was strewn about
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव-√कीर्
• Form: Luṅ (Aorist), Karmani (Passive), 3, Singular

• संरब्धैः: by enraged (men)
• संरब्धैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संरब्ध
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• विश्वामित्रस्य: of Viśvāmitra
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश्वामित्र
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• पश्यतः: while (he) was watching
• पश्यतः: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पश्
• Form: Śatṛ (present active participle), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• एकैकशः: one by one / individually
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एकैकशस्

• तदा: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• योधः: a warrior (soldier)
• योधः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: योध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पञ्चभिः: by five (men)
• पञ्चभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्चन्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• सप्तभिः: by seven (men)
• सप्तभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सप्तन्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• वृतः: surrounded
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृ (आवरणे) → वृत
• Form: Past passive participle (kta), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

गन्धर्व उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Viśvāmitra

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how anger-driven aggression and numerical superiority can rout even an organized force; ethically, it cautions that krodha (wrath) and uncontrolled violence rapidly turn conflict into chaos, where individuals become isolated and vulnerable.

What is happening in the narrative?

A furious opposing host scatters Viśvāmitra’s army in his very presence. Each of his warriors is individually surrounded by multiple enemies—five or seven—showing a coordinated encirclement that breaks the formation and overwhelms the troops.