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Shloka 49

कल्माषपाद-शाप-कारणम्

Cause of Kalmāṣapāda’s Niyoga under a Curse

गन्धर्व उवाच एवमासीन्महाभागा तपती नाम पौर्विकी । तव वैवस्वती पार्थ तापत्यस्त्वं यया मत:,गन्धर्व कहता है--कुन्तीनन्दन! इस प्रकार भगवान्‌ सूर्यकी पुत्री महाभागा तपती आपके पूर्वपुरुष संवरणकी पत्नी हुई थी, जिससे मैंने आपको तपतीनन्दन माना है

Gandharva uvāca: evam āsīn mahābhāgā Tapatī nāma paurvikī | tava Vaivasvatī Pārtha Tāpatiḥ tvaṃ yayā mataḥ ||

คันธรรพกล่าวว่า “เป็นดังนี้แล: นางผู้มีสิรินามว่า ‘ตปตี’ ผู้สืบสายโบราณ เป็นพระชายาของบรรพชนท่านคือสัมวรณะ นางเป็นธิดาแห่งวิวัสวานสุริยะ เพราะเหตุนั้น โอรสแห่งปฤถาเอ๋ย ท่านจึงนับว่าเป็น ‘ตาปัตยะ’ ผู้สืบเชื้อสายตปตี”

गन्धर्वःthe Gandharva
गन्धर्वः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगन्धर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect, Third, Singular
महाभागाvery fortunate/noble
महाभागा:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाभागा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तपतीTapatī (name)
तपती:
TypeNoun
Rootतपती
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
नामby name
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
पौर्विकीancient/of former times
पौर्विकी:
TypeAdjective
Rootपौर्विकी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तवof you/your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormGenitive, Singular
वैवस्वतीdaughter of Vivasvat (the Sun)
वैवस्वती:
TypeAdjective
Rootवैवस्वती
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थO Pārtha (son of Pṛthā)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तापत्यःdescendant of Tapatī / Tapatī's son
तापत्यः:
TypeNoun
Rootतापत्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
ययाby whom/through whom
यया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
मतःconsidered/thought (to be)
मतः:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)

गन्धर्व उवाच

G
Gandharva
T
Tapatī
V
Vivasvān (Sūrya)
P
Pṛthā (Kuntī)
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
S
Saṃvaraṇa

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical weight of lineage in epic culture: one’s identity is tied to ancestral alliances and remembered marriages, and honorific epithets (like ‘Tāpatya’) preserve that moral and historical continuity.

A Gandharva explains why Arjuna is addressed as ‘Tāpatya’: Arjuna belongs to the line of Saṃvaraṇa, who married Tapatī, the Sun’s daughter; hence Arjuna is counted among Tapatī’s descendants.