Shloka 18

और्वकृत-क्रोधाग्नि-निग्रहः

Aurva’s Containment of the Wrath-Fire

Devanagari script

यथार्चयन्ति चादित्यमुद्रन्तं ब्रह्मवादिन: । तथा संवरणं पार्थ ब्राह्मणावरजा: प्रजा:,पार्थ! जैसे ब्रह्मवादी महर्षि उगते हुए सूर्यकी आराधना करते हैं, उसी प्रकार क्षत्रिय, वैश्य आदि प्रजाएँ महाराज संवरणकी उपासना करती थीं

Transliteration

yathārcayanti cādityam udyantaṃ brahmavādinaḥ | tathā saṃvaraṇaṃ pārtha brāhmaṇāvarajāḥ prajāḥ ||

Translation

โอ้บุตรแห่งปฤถา! ดุจดังเหล่าฤๅษีผู้รู้พรหมบูชาพระอาทิตย์ยามอุทัย ฉันใด ประชาชนผู้สืบลำดับรองจากพราหมณ์ทั้งหลายก็เคารพบูชาพระเจ้าสํวรณะฉันนั้น

Word by Word

• यथा: just as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• अर्चयन्ति: they worship
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्च्
• Form: Lat (present), 3, plural, Parasmaipada

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• आदित्यम्: the Sun (Āditya)
• आदित्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदित्य
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• उद्रन्तम्: rising (appearing upward)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद्रन्त
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• ब्रह्मवादिनः: Brahma-speaking sages / theologians
• ब्रह्मवादिनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मवादिन्
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• तथा: so, in the same way
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• संवरणम्: Saṃvaraṇa (the king)
• संवरणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: संवरण
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• पार्थ: O Pārtha
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• ब्राह्मणावरजाः: those lower than the Brāhmaṇas (i.e., Kṣatriya etc.)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ब्राह्मण-अवरज
• Form: feminine, nominative, plural

• प्रजाः: subjects, people
• प्रजाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजा
• Form: feminine, nominative, plural

Speaker

गन्धर्व उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Gandharva (speaker)
• Āditya (the Sun)
• Brahmavādins (Vedic sages)
• Saṃvaraṇa (king)
• Pārtha (Arjuna)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights rightful reverence: as sages honor the cosmic order embodied by the rising Sun, society likewise honors a dharmic king—suggesting that ethical kingship merits devotion comparable to sacred worship.

What is happening in the narrative?

A Gandharva addresses Pārtha (Arjuna) and describes how the people revered King Saṃvaraṇa, comparing their veneration to the dawn worship performed by Brahmavādin sages.