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Shloka 78

Hiḍimba’s Approach and Hiḍimbā’s Warning to Bhīmasena (हिडिम्बागमनम् / हिडिम्बा-भयवचनम्)

कर्शित व्याधितं क्लिन्नमपानीयमघासकम्‌ | परिविश्वस्तमन्दं च प्रहर्तव्यमरेबलम्‌,जब शत्रुकी सेना दुर्बल, रोगग्रस्त, जल या कीचड़में फँसी, भूख-प्याससे पीड़ित और सब ओरसे विश्वस्त होकर निश्रेष्ट पड़ी हो, उस समय उसपर प्रहार करना चाहिये

karśita-vyādhitaṁ klinnam apānīyam aghāsakam | pariviśvastamandaṁ ca prahartavyam arebalam ||

เมื่อกองทัพศัตรูอ่อนล้า เจ็บป่วย ติดค้างในน้ำหรือโคลน ถูกความหิวกระหายบีบคั้น และนอนเฉื่อยชาเพราะความประมาทจากความมั่นใจเกินควร—เมื่อนั้นพึงเข้าตีในยามที่เขาไร้กำลัง

कर्शितम्emaciated, worn down
कर्शितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्शित (कृदन्त; धातु: कृश्/कर्श्)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
व्याधितम्afflicted, diseased
व्याधितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootव्याधित (कृदन्त; धातु: व्यध्/व्याध्)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
क्लिन्नम्soaked, drenched (stuck in wet ground)
क्लिन्नम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootक्लिन्न (कृदन्त; धातु: क्लिद्)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अपानीयम्without water, waterless
अपानीयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअपानीय (कृदन्त; धातु: अप-नी)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अघासकम्without fodder/food; starving
अघासकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअघासक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
परिविश्वस्तम्off guard, unsuspecting, overconfident
परिविश्वस्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपरिविश्वस्त (कृदन्त; धातु: वि-श्वस्)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मन्दम्sluggish, weak, slow
मन्दम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमन्द
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रहर्तव्यम्should be struck/attacked
प्रहर्तव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हर्तव्य (कृदन्त; धातु: प्र-हृ)
FormGerundive (obligation), Singular
अरेO foe! (vocative particle)
अरे:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअरे
बलम्army, force
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

कणिक उवाच

कणिक (Kaṇika)
A
ari (enemy)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches a pragmatic, ruthless maxim of statecraft: strike the enemy precisely when it is weakened by exhaustion, disease, lack of supplies, and complacency—because that is when victory is easiest and most certain.

Kaṇika is giving political counsel in the Ādi Parva, presenting a hardline approach to dealing with rivals: do not wait for a fair fight; attack when the opponent’s army is trapped, depleted, and off guard.