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Shloka 19

Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 103 — Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Gāndhārī Vivāha: Proposal, Consent, and the Vow

सर्वा: कन्या: स कौरव्यो रथमारोप्य च स्वकम्‌ | आमन्त्रय च स तान्‌ प्रायाच्छीघ्रं कन्या: प्रगृह् ता:,'“राजाओ! मैं युद्धके लिये दृढ़ निश्चय करके यहाँ डटा हुआ हूँ।” परम पराक्रमी कुरुकुलश्रेष्ठ भीष्मजी उन महीपालों तथा काशिराजसे उपर्युक्त बातें कहकर उन समस्त कन्याओंको, जिन्हें वे उठाकर अपने रथपर बिठा चुके थे, साथ लेकर सबको ललकारते हुए वहाँसे शीघ्रतापूर्वक चल दिये

sarvāḥ kanyāḥ sa kauravyo ratham āropya ca svakam | āmantṛya ca sa tān prāyāc chīghraṃ kanyāḥ pragṛhītāḥ ||

ภีษมะวีรบุรุษแห่งกุรุได้อุ้มนางกุมารีทั้งปวงขึ้นรถศึกของตน แล้วกล่าวท้าทายเหล่ากษัตริย์ทั้งหลาย จากนั้นเมื่อคุ้มครองนางไว้ในอำนาจของตน ก็รีบเคลื่อนออกไปโดยเร็ว

सर्वाःall
सर्वाः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
कन्याःmaidens/daughters
कन्याः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कौरव्यःthe Kaurava (Bhishma)
कौरव्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आरोप्यhaving mounted/placed (upon)
आरोप्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootआ-रुह्
FormAbsolutive (ktvā/lyap), Active
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
स्वकम्his own
स्वकम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आमन्त्र्यhaving addressed/challenged
आमन्त्र्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-मन्त्र्
FormAbsolutive (ktvā/lyap), Active
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तान्them (those kings)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रायात्departed/went forth
प्रायात्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
शीघ्रम्quickly
शीघ्रम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशीघ्र
कन्याःmaidens/daughters
कन्याः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
प्रगृह्यhaving seized/taken
प्रगृह्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-ग्रह्
FormAbsolutive (ktvā/lyap), Active
ताःthem (those maidens)
ताः:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
Kauravya (Bhīṣma)
K
kanyāḥ (the Kāśī princesses)
R
ratha (chariot)
K
kings (assembled suitors)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a dharmic dilemma: kṣatriya valor and political duty can clash with personal autonomy in marriage. Bhīṣma’s vow-driven commitment to the Kuru house motivates decisive action, yet the narrative invites reflection on the ethical boundaries of force, especially when women’s agency is at stake.

After confronting the assembled kings at the svayaṃvara, Bhīṣma places the Kāśī princesses on his chariot, challenges the kings, and departs swiftly with them—setting in motion the later crisis involving Amba and the consequences for the Kuru line.