Shloka 10

Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 103 — Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Gāndhārī Vivāha: Proposal, Consent, and the Vow

Devanagari script

वैशम्पायन उवाच क्षत्रियाणां वच: श्र॒त्वा हम भारत,वैशम्पायनजी कहते हैं-- ! क्षत्रियोंकी ये बातें सुनकर भीष्म अत्यन्त कुपित हो उठे

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca | kṣatriyāṇāṁ vacaḥ śrutvā haṁ bhārata |

Translation

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า—“โอ ภารตะ ครั้นภีษมะได้ยินถ้อยคำของเหล่ากษัตริย์นักรบ (กษัตริยะ) แล้ว ก็เดือดดาลยิ่งนัก”

Word by Word

• वैशम्पायनः: Vaiśampāyana
• वैशम्पायनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैशम्पायन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• क्षत्रियाणाम्: of the Kṣatriyas
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रिय
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• वचः: speech/words
• वचः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active

• हे: O (vocative particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हे

• भारत: O Bhārata
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Bhārata (addressed listener, i.e., Janamejaya)
• Kṣatriyas
• Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Speech by rulers and warriors carries moral weight; when kṣatriya speech departs from dharma (restraint, protection, justice), it provokes corrective indignation from elders like Bhīṣma, highlighting accountability in governance and conduct.

What is happening in the narrative?

The narrator Vaiśampāyana reports that, after hearing the kṣatriyas’ statements, Bhīṣma becomes intensely angry—marking a turning point toward confrontation or admonition within the episode.