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Shloka 75

Āṇīmāṇḍavya–Upākhyāna

The Account of Āṇīmāṇḍavya and the Birth of Vidura

(सूतं भूयो5पि संतप्त आह्वयामास वै पितु: ।। सूतस्तु कुरुमुख्यस्थ उपयातस्तदाज्ञया । तमुवाच महाप्राज्ञो भीष्मो वै सारथिं पितु: ।। उसके बाद भी दु:खसे दुःखी देवव्रतने पिताके सारथिको बुलाया। राजकुमारकी आज्ञा पाकर कुरुराज शान्तनुका सारथि उनके पास आया। तब महाप्राज्ञ भीष्मने पिताके सारथिसे पूछा। भीष्म उवाच त्वं सारथे पितुर्महां सखासि रथयुग्‌ यतः । अपि जानासि यदि वै कस्यां भावो नृपस्य तु ।। यथा वक्ष्यसि मे पृष्ट: करिष्ये न तदन्यथा । भीष्म बोले--सारथे! तुम मेरे पिताके सखा हो, क्योंकि उनका रथ जोतनेवाले हो। क्या तुम जानते हो कि महाराजका अनुराग किस स्त्रीमें है? मेरे पूछनेपर तुम जैसा कहोगे, वैसा ही करूँगा, उसके विपरीत नहीं करूँगा। यूत उवाच दाशकन्या नरश्रेष्ठ तत्र भाव: पितुर्गतः । वृतः स नरदेवेन तदा वचनमत्रवीत्‌ ।। योअस्यां पुमान्‌ भवेद्‌ गर्भ: स राजा त्वदनन्तरम्‌ | नाकामयत त॑ दातुं पिता तव वरं तदा ।। स चापि निश्चयस्तस्य न च दद्यामतोडन्यथा । एवं ते कथितं वीर कुरुष्व यदनन्तरम्‌ ।।) सूत बोला--नरश्रेष्ठ] एक धीवरकी कन्या है, उसीके प्रति आपके पिताका अनुराग हो गया है। महाराजने धीवरसे उस कन्याको माँगा भी था, परंतु उस समय उसने यह शर्त रखी कि “इसके गर्भसे जो पुत्र हो, वही आपके बाद राजा होना चाहिये।” आपके पिताजीके मनमें धीवरको ऐसा वर देनेकी इच्छा नहीं हुई। इधर उसका भी पक्का निश्चय है कि यह शर्त स्वीकार किये बिना मैं अपनी कन्या नहीं दूँगा। वीर! यही वृत्तान्त है, जो मैंने आपसे निवेदन कर दिया। इसके बाद आप जैसा उचित समझें, वैसा करें। ततो देवव्तो वृद्धै: क्षत्रियै:ः सहितस्तदा | अभिगम्य दाशराजं कन्यां वत्रे पितु: स्वयम्‌,यह सुनकर कुमार देवव्रतने उस समय बूढ़े क्षत्रियोंक साथ निषादराजके पास जाकर स्वयं अपने पिताके लिये उसकी कन्या माँगी

sūta uvāca

sūtaṃ bhūyo 'pi saṃtapta āhvayāmāsa vai pituḥ | sūtastu kurumukhyastha upayātastadājñayā | tamuvāca mahāprājño bhīṣmo vai sārathiṃ pituḥ ||

bhīṣma uvāca

tvaṃ sārathe piturmahān sakhāsi rathayug yataḥ | api jānāsi yadi vai kasyāṃ bhāvo nṛpasya tu | yathā vakṣyasi me pṛṣṭaḥ kariṣye na tadanyathā ||

sūta uvāca

dāśakanyā naraśreṣṭha tatra bhāvaḥ pitur gataḥ | vṛtaḥ sa naradevena tadā vacanamatravīt ||

yo 'syāṃ pumān bhaved garbhaḥ sa rājā tvadanantaram | nākāmayata taṃ dātuṃ pitā tava varaṃ tadā | sa cāpi niścayastasya na ca dadyāmatonyathā | evaṃ te kathitaṃ vīra kuruṣva yadanantaram ||

tato devavrato vṛddhaiḥ kṣatriyaiḥ sahitastadā | abhigamya dāśarājaṃ kanyāṃ vavre pituḥ svayam ||

แต่เดววรตะยังถูกความโศกเผาผลาญ จึงเรียกสารถีของพระบิดามาอีกครั้ง ครั้นตามพระบัญชาของเจ้าชาย สารถีของพระเจ้าศานตนุก็มาเฝ้า แล้วภีษมะผู้ทรงปัญญายิ่งจึงถามสารถีของพระบิดา ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “โอ้สารถี เจ้าเป็นสหายใกล้ชิดของบิดาข้า เพราะเจ้าเป็นผู้เทียมรถศึกของพระองค์ เจ้ารู้หรือไม่ว่าพระราชาทรงมีพระทัยผูกพันอยู่กับสตรีผู้ใด? เมื่อข้าถามแล้ว เจ้ากล่าวอย่างไร ข้าจะกระทำตามนั้นโดยแท้—ไม่เป็นอื่น” สารถีทูลว่า “โอ้ยอดแห่งมนุษย์ พระทัยของพระบิดาท่านไปผูกอยู่กับธิดาของชาวประมง พระราชาได้ขอนาง แต่ชาวประมงตั้งเงื่อนไขว่า ‘บุตรชายที่เกิดจากครรภ์นาง ต้องเป็นกษัตริย์สืบต่อจากท่าน’ พระบิดาท่านไม่ทรงประสงค์จะประทานพรเช่นนั้น และชาวประมงก็ตั้งใจแน่วแน่ ว่าหากไม่รับเงื่อนไขนี้ก็จะไม่ยกธิดาให้ ข้าทูลความจริงทั้งหมดแล้ว โอ้วีรบุรุษ ต่อไปท่านเห็นสมควรประการใด ก็จงกระทำเถิด” ครั้นได้ฟังดังนั้น เดววรตะพร้อมด้วยกษัตริย์นักรบชราทั้งหลาย จึงไปเฝ้าท้าวดาศราช เจ้าแห่งชาวประมง และขอธิดานั้นด้วยตนเองเพื่อพระบิดา

सूतम्the charioteer
सूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भूयःagain, once more
भूयः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभूयस्
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
संतप्तःafflicted, distressed
संतप्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंतप्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आह्वयामासcalled, summoned
आह्वयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootआह्वा
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पितुःof (his) father
पितुः:
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सूतःthe charioteer
सूतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut, however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
कुरुमुख्यस्थःstanding near the chief of the Kurus (the king)
कुरुमुख्यस्थः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकुरुमुख्यस्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उपयातःhaving come near, approached
उपयातः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउपयात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्by that
तत्:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
आज्ञयाby (his) command
आज्ञया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआज्ञा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
महाप्राज्ञःvery wise
महाप्राज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
सारथिम्the charioteer
सारथिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसारथि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पितुःof (his) father
पितुः:
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
सारथेO charioteer
सारथे:
TypeNoun
Rootसारथि
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पितुःof (my) father
पितुः:
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
महान्great
महान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सखाfriend
सखा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसखि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
असिare
असि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
रथयुक्charioteer (one who yokes the chariot)
रथयुक्:
TypeNoun
Rootरथयुज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यतःbecause, since
यतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतः
अपिwhether, indeed
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
जानासिyou know
जानासि:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
कस्याम्in which (woman)
कस्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
भावःaffection, inclination
भावः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभाव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नृपस्यof the king
नृपस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तुindeed/and
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
यथाas, in the manner that
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
वक्ष्यसिyou will tell
वक्ष्यसि:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormSimple Future, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular
पृष्टःwhen asked
पृष्टः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपृष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
करिष्येI will do
करिष्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormSimple Future, First, Singular, Atmanepada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अन्यथाotherwise
अन्यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यथा
सूतःthe charioteer
सूतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
दाशकन्याa fisherman's daughter
दाशकन्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदाशकन्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
नरश्रेष्ठO best of men
नरश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootनरश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तत्रthere, in her
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
भावःaffection, attachment
भावः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभाव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पितुःof your father
पितुः:
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
गतःhas gone (i.e., is directed)
गतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootगत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वृतःwas sought/asked for (in marriage)
वृतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नरदेवेनby the king
नरदेवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनरदेव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
वचनम्words, statement
वचनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अत्रhere, in this matter
अत्र:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
अव्रवीत्said, spoke
अव्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्याम्in her
अस्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
पुमान्a male (child)
पुमान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुमांस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्should be, would be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
गर्भःoffspring, child in the womb
गर्भः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगर्भ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वत्after you (lit. from you)
त्वत्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormAblative, Singular
अनन्तरम्immediately after
अनन्तरम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनन्तर
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अकामयतdid not desire
अकामयत:
TypeVerb
Rootकम्
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दातुम्to give
दातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormInfinitive
पिताfather
पिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
वरम्boon, condition
वरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
निश्चयःresolve, firm decision
निश्चयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्यof him
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दद्याम्I would give
दद्याम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormOptative, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
अतःtherefore
अतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
अन्यथाotherwise
अन्यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यथा
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormDative, Singular
कथितम्told
कथितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकथित
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वीरO hero
वीर:
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कुरुष्वdo (it)
कुरुष्व:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Atmanepada
यत्what
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनन्तरम्next, thereafter
अनन्तरम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनन्तर

यूत उवाच

D
Devavrata (Bhīṣma)
Ś
Śāntanu (king of the Kurus)
S
Sūta (the charioteer)
D
Dāśakanyā (fisherman’s daughter; Satyavatī implied)
D
Dāśarāja (fisher-chief/king)
K
Kuru lineage (kurumukhya)
E
Elder Kṣatriyas

Educational Q&A

The passage frames an ethical dilemma: a king’s personal desire conflicts with dynastic stability and rightful succession. Devavrata’s response (soon culminating in a vow) exemplifies extreme filial duty and commitment to perceived dharma, while also raising questions about the costs of subordinating personal life and political prudence to a single moral resolve.

Devavrata summons his father’s charioteer to learn why King Śāntanu is troubled. The charioteer reveals that the king loves a fisherman’s daughter, but her father demands that her future son inherit the throne after Śāntanu. Śāntanu hesitates to displace Devavrata’s claim. Devavrata then goes to the fisherman-chief to negotiate for the maiden on his father’s behalf.