Shloka 32

Naimittika-pralaya and the Theology of Kāla: Seven Suns, Saṃvartaka Fire, Flood, and Varāha Kalpa

Devanagari script

भूर्लोकं च भुवर्लोकं स्वर्लोकं च तथा महः / दहेदशेषं कालाग्निः कालो विश्वतनुः स्वयम्

Transliteration

bhūrlokaṃ ca bhuvarlokaṃ svarlokaṃ ca tathā mahaḥ / dahedaśeṣaṃ kālāgniḥ kālo viśvatanuḥ svayam

Translation

ภูโลก ภุวรโลก สวรรค์โลก และมหรโลก—กาลผู้มีสรรพจักรวาลเป็นกายของตน ย่อมแปรเป็นเพลิงแห่งกาล เผาผลาญสิ้นไม่เหลือ

Word by Word

• भूः: earth (as first member)
• भूः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भू (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; (समासपूर्वपद-रूपेण)

• लोकम्: world/realm
• लोकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• भुवः: mid-region (bhuvar) (as first member)
• भुवः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भुवस्/भुवर् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; (समासपूर्वपद-रूपेण)

• लोकम्: world/realm
• लोकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• स्वः: heaven (svar) (as first member)
• स्वः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वर्/स्वः (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (अव्ययवत्), प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; (समासपूर्वपद-रूपेण)

• लोकम्: world/realm
• लोकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• तथा: likewise/also
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, प्रकारवाचक (adverb: 'thus/likewise')

• महः: Maharloka (the great realm)
• महः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• दहेत्: would burn/should burn
• दहेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दह् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• अशेषम्: entire, without remainder
• अशेषम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अशेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्मविशेषण

• कालाग्निः: the fire of Time (cosmic fire)
• कालाग्निः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल + अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (कालस्य अग्निः)

• कालः: Time
• कालः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; (कालाग्निः इत्यस्य अपि समनाधिकरणम्)

• विश्वतनुः: whose body is the universe
• विश्वतनुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्व + तनु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (यस्य तनुः विश्वम्)

• स्वयम्: himself
• स्वयम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, आत्मवाचक (reflexive adverb)

Speaker

Lord Kūrma (Vishnu) instructing in a Shaiva–Vaishnava synthesis on dissolution and the supremacy of Kāla/Iśvara

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Characters & Entities

• Kāla (Time)
• Kālāgni (Fire of Time)
• Bhūrloka
• Bhuvarloka
• Svargaloka
• Maharloka

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

By identifying Kāla as “viśva-tanuḥ” (having the universe as its body), the verse points to an all-encompassing Lord-principle that includes and transcends the worlds, revealing the Supreme as the inner power governing creation and dissolution.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse supports vairāgya (dispassion) and dhyāna on impermanence: even the higher lokas are consumed at pralaya. In the Kurma Purana’s Pāśupata-leaning frame, this becomes contemplation on Iśvara/Kāla as the ultimate refuge beyond cosmic cycles.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

It presents a shared theistic metaphysics: the supreme Iśvara—described here by Vishnu as Kāla and Kālāgni—performs dissolution, aligning with Shaiva imagery of Rudra’s destructive fire while maintaining Vaishnava narration, a hallmark of Kurma Purana’s synthesis.