Shloka 71

Tīrtha-māhātmya and Rudra’s Samanvaya Teaching

Maṅkaṇaka Episode

Devanagari script

एवमेतानि तत्त्वानि प्रधानपुरुषेश्वराः / विष्णुर्ब्रह्मा च भगवान् रुद्रः काल इति श्रुतिः

Transliteration

evametāni tattvāni pradhānapuruṣeśvarāḥ / viṣṇurbrahmā ca bhagavān rudraḥ kāla iti śrutiḥ

Translation

ดังนี้คือหลักตัตตวะทั้งหลาย—ประธานะ ปุรุษะ และอีศวร และคัมภีร์ศรุติก็กล่าวถึงวิษณุ พรหมา พระผู้เป็นเจ้ารุทรา และกาล (เวลา) ด้วย

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (क्रियाविशेषण/adverb)

• एतानि: these
• एतानि: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम-विशेषण, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), बहुवचन; अत्र विशेषण (तत्त्वानि)

• तत्त्वानि: principles, realities
• तत्त्वानि: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tattva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• प्रधानपुरुषेश्वराः: lords of Pradhāna and Puruṣa
• प्रधानपुरुषेश्वराः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pradhāna-puruṣa-īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुपद-तत्पुरुष-समास (प्रधानस्य पुरुषस्य ईश्वराः/प्रधान-पुरुषयोः ईश्वराः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• विष्णुः: Viṣṇu
• विष्णुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• ब्रह्मा: Brahmā
• ब्रह्मा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (समुच्चय/ conjunction)

• भगवान्: the Blessed Lord
• भगवान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; उपाधि

• रुद्रः: Rudra
• रुद्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rudra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• कालः: Time
• कालः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (उद्धरण/quotative particle)

• श्रुतिः: the tradition/scriptural statement
• श्रुतिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śruti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

Speaker

Narratorial teaching voice within the Purana (instructional passage presenting siddhānta)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Pradhana
• Purusha
• Ishvara
• Vishnu
• Brahma
• Rudra
• Kala
• Shruti

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It distinguishes the conscious principle (Puruṣa) from primordial Nature (Pradhāna) and points to Īśvara as the lordly, governing reality—framing the Self as consciousness while acknowledging a supreme rulership that orders the tattvas.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

No specific technique is prescribed in this verse; it supplies the metaphysical map used by Yoga—discriminating Pradhāna and Puruṣa and recognizing Īśvara and Kāla—supporting practices like viveka (discernment) and īśvara-pranidhāna (orientation to the Lord).

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By naming Viṣṇu and Rudra together under śruti’s authority, it presents a synthetic theology where major divine forms (including Brahmā) and even Kāla are integrated into a single tattva-based vision rather than set in opposition.