Shloka 63

Tīrtha-māhātmya and Rudra’s Samanvaya Teaching

Maṅkaṇaka Episode

Devanagari script

मयैव प्रेर्यते कृत्स्नं चेतनाचेतनात्मकम् / सो ऽन्तर्यामी स पुरुषो ह्यहं वै पुरुषोत्तमः

Transliteration

mayaiva preryate kṛtsnaṃ cetanācetanātmakam / so 'ntaryāmī sa puruṣo hyahaṃ vai puruṣottamaḥ

Translation

ด้วยเราเท่านั้น สรรพสิ่งทั้งปวง—ทั้งมีจิตและไร้จิต—จึงถูกขับเคลื่อน; ผู้นั้นคืออันตรยามี คือบุรุษ และแท้จริงเรานั่นเองคือปุรุโษตตมะ

Word by Word

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन, तृतीया विभक्ति (instrumental)

• एव: indeed; alone
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), अव्यय; अवधारणार्थ (emphasis)

• प्रेर्यते: is impelled; is set in motion
• प्रेर्यते: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √प्रेर् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (present), कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (sg)

• कृत्स्नम्: entire; whole
• कृत्स्नम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत्स्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (acc), एकवचन; विशेषण

• चेतन-अचेतन-आत्मकम्: consisting of the sentient and the insentient
• चेतन-अचेतन-आत्मकम्: Karma (कर्म/Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चेतन (प्रातिपदिक) + अचेतन (प्रातिपदिक) + आत्मक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास (determinative; बहुपद), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘चेतनं च अचेतनं च यस्य आत्मा/स्वरूपं तत्’

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अन्तर्यामी: inner controller
• अन्तर्यामी: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-समानााधिकरण/Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्तर् (अव्यय/उपसर्गसदृश) + यामिन् (प्रातिपदिक; √यम् (धातु) + णिनि)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमास, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘अन्तः यामयति/नियच्छति’

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• पुरुषः: Person; Puruṣa
• पुरुषः: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-समानााधिकरण/Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• हि: indeed; for
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), अव्यय; हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ (for/indeed)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन, प्रथमा

• वै: certainly
• वै: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), अव्यय; निश्चयार्थ (certainly)

• पुरुष-उत्तमः: the Supreme Person
• पुरुष-उत्तमः: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-समानााधिकरण/Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष (प्रातिपदिक) + उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमास, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘पुरुषाणाम् उत्तमः’

Speaker

Lord Kurma (Vishnu/Narayana as the Supreme Inner Ruler)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Antaryamin
• Purusha
• Purushottama

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It identifies the Supreme as the Antaryāmin—the indwelling controller who animates and directs both conscious beings and inert matter—culminating in the declaration that this inner ruler is Puruṣottama, the highest Self.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse supports antaryāmin-dhyāna: meditation on the Lord as the indweller of all states (cetanā and acetanā). In Kurma Purana practice-language, this aligns with īśvara-smaraṇa and inward contemplation that sees all activity as moved by the Supreme.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By grounding lordship in the Antaryāmin and Puruṣottama principle, it reflects the Purana’s non-sectarian synthesis: the one Supreme inner ruler may be praised through Vishnu or Shiva names, while remaining a single transcendent controller of all.