Shloka 98

Prāyaścitta for Theft, Forbidden Foods, Impurity, and Ritual Lapses; Tīrtha–Vrata Remedies; Pativratā Mahātmyam via Sītā and Agni

Devanagari script

त्रयोदश्यां तथा रात्रौ सोपहारं त्रिलोचनम् / दृष्ट्वेशं प्रथमे यामे मुच्यते सर्वपातकैः

Transliteration

trayodaśyāṃ tathā rātrau sopahāraṃ trilocanam / dṛṣṭveśaṃ prathame yāme mucyate sarvapātakaiḥ

Translation

ในคืนวันตรีโยทศี ผู้ใดได้เฝ้าดูพระอีศวรผู้มีสามเนตรพร้อมเครื่องบูชา ในยามแรกแห่งราตรี ผู้นั้นย่อมหลุดพ้นจากบาปทั้งปวง

Word by Word

• त्रयोदश्याम्: on the thirteenth (tithi)
• त्रयोदश्याम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रयोदशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• तथा: also
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयार्थक

• रात्रौ: at night
• रात्रौ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (वैकल्पिक रूप ‘रात्रौ’)

• स-उपहारम्: with offerings
• स-उपहारम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (प्रातिपदिक/उपसर्गार्थ ‘with’) + उपहार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; अव्ययीभावः—‘सोपहारम्’ = उपहारसहितम्

• त्रि-लोचनम्: the three-eyed one (Śiva)
• त्रि-लोचनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + लोचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; समासः—द्विगु/तत्पुरुषप्रायः (त्रीणि लोचनानि यस्य) प्रचलित-नाम; शिवस्य नाम

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभावः; अर्थः—having seen

• ईशम्: the Lord (Īśa/Śiva)
• ईशम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• प्रथमे: in the first
• प्रथमे: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; ‘यामे’ इति विशेषणम्

• यामे: watch (of the night)
• यामे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: याम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• मुच्यते: is released
• मुच्यते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मुच् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), आत्मनेपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि/भावे प्रयोगः

• सर्व-पातकैः: from all sins/offences
• सर्व-पातकैः: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + पातक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; ‘from all sins’ अर्थे अपादान-भावः

Speaker

Narrator (Purāṇic instruction within the Kurma Purana’s vrata/dharma discourse; traditionally framed by Vyasa/Sūta in transmission)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Shiva
• Trilocana
• Isha

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It implies that liberation from sin arises through Īśvara-darśana (direct devotional vision of the Lord), pointing to the Purāṇic view that grace and God-realization purify the inner self and remove karmic obscurations.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse emphasizes a disciplined sacred timing (trayodaśī night), vigil in the first yāma, and worship with offerings—elements akin to vrata-yoga and bhakti-based concentration where regulated conduct supports inner purification.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By presenting Īśa/Trilocana as the salvific Lord within a Vaiṣṇava Purāṇa, it reflects the Kurma Purana’s Shaiva-Vaishnava synthesis: devotion to the one Lord expressed through Śiva leads to purification and spiritual uplift.