Shloka 23

Yati-Āśrama: Bhikṣā-vidhi, Īśvara-dhyāna, and Prāyaścitta

Mahādeva as Non-dual Brahman

Devanagari script

यस्मात् भवन्ति भूतानि यद् गत्वा नेह जायते / स तस्मादीश्वरो देवः परस्माद् यो ऽधितिष्ठति

Transliteration

yasmāt bhavanti bhūtāni yad gatvā neha jāyate / sa tasmādīśvaro devaḥ parasmād yo 'dhitiṣṭhati

Translation

พระองค์ผู้ซึ่งสรรพสัตว์ทั้งปวงบังเกิดจากพระองค์ และเมื่อเข้าถึงพระองค์แล้ว ย่อมไม่กลับมาเกิดที่นี่อีก—พระองค์นั้นคืออีศวร เทวะผู้ทรงอภิบาลอยู่เหนือแม้ปรัสมะอันสูงสุด

Word by Word

• yasmāt: from which/whence
• yasmāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), पुँलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन

• bhavanti: become/arise
• bhavanti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन

• bhūtāni: beings/elements
• bhūtāni: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन

• yat: which (that)
• yat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• gatvā: having gone/attained
• gatvā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive), ‘having gone/attained’

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)

• iha: here
• iha: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)

• jāyate: is born/arises
• jāyate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jan (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• saḥ: he/that (one)
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुँलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

• tasmāt: from that
• tasmāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुँलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन

• īśvaraḥ: the Lord
• īśvaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुँलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

• devaḥ: god
• devaḥ: Apposition (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुँलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

• parasmāt: from the higher/other (than)
• parasmāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुँलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन; विशेषण (comparative sense: ‘higher/other’)

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुँलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

• adhitiṣṭhati: presides over/stands over
• adhitiṣṭhati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: adhi-√sthā (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; उपसर्ग: अधि

Speaker

Lord Kurma (Vishnu) instructing the sages/Indradyumna in an Ishvara-Gita style teaching on the Supreme Lord

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Ishvara
• Deva
• Bhutani
• Param (the Supreme)

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It identifies the Supreme as the origin of all beings and the final refuge whose attainment ends rebirth, portraying Īśvara as both the causal source and the transcendent goal beyond all conditioned existence.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse points to mokṣa-oriented Yoga: turning the mind toward Īśvara as the highest object of realization—attainment (gati) of the Lord that culminates in freedom from saṃsāra, consistent with Pāśupata-leaning devotion, contemplation, and surrender to the presiding Deity.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By centering on the one Īśvara who is the source and the transcendent presider, it supports the Kurma Purana’s synthetic stance: the supreme Lord can be approached through Shaiva or Vaishnava idioms without compromising the single, highest reality.