Shloka 7

Saṃnyāsa-dharma — Qualifications, Threefold Renunciation, and the Conduct of the Yati

Devanagari script

वेदमेवाभ्यसेन्नित्यं निराशी निष्परिग्रहः / प्रोच्यते वेदसंन्यासी मुमुक्षुर्विजितेन्द्रियः

Transliteration

vedamevābhyasennityaṃ nirāśī niṣparigrahaḥ / procyate vedasaṃnyāsī mumukṣurvijitendriyaḥ

Translation

เขาพึงศึกษาพระเวทเพียงอย่างเดียวอยู่เสมอ ปราศจากความอยากและไม่ยึดถือครอบครอง ผู้ใฝ่โมกษะผู้ชนะอินทรีย์ทั้งหลายนี้ เรียกว่า “เวทสันยาสี”.

Word by Word

• वेदम्: the Veda
• वेदम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: veda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative 2nd (द्वितीया), Singular

• एव: only, indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (अवधारण-अव्यय)

• अभ्यसेत्: should study/practise
• अभ्यसेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-√as (धातु)
• Form: Optative (विधिलिङ्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nitya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Adverbial accusative (क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण द्वितीया-एकवचन)

• निराशी: without desire/expectation
• निराशी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nir- (उपसर्ग) + āśā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘without expectation’

• निष्परिग्रहः: non-possessive
• निष्परिग्रहः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nis- (उपसर्ग) + parigraha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘without possessions/acceptance’

• प्रोच्यते: is called
• प्रोच्यते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√vac (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), Passive voice (कर्मणि-प्रयोग), 3rd person, Singular

• वेदसंन्यासी: a Veda-renouncer
• वेदसंन्यासी: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: veda (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃnyāsin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Compound: ‘veda-saṃnyāsin’; Masculine, Nominative, Singular; predicate nominative

• मुमुक्षुः: one desiring liberation
• मुमुक्षुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: √muc (धातु) + san (सन्) + u (उ)
• Form: Desiderative derivative (सन्नन्त-प्रातिपदिक) ‘mumukṣu’; Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• विजितेन्द्रियः: having conquered the senses
• विजितेन्द्रियः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vijita (प्रातिपदिक; √ji + kta) + indriya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Bahuvrīhi: ‘vijita-indriya’ = ‘whose senses are conquered’; Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

Lord Kūrma (Vishnu) instructing the sages/seekers on dharma and renunciation

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Characters & Entities

• Veda
• Saṃnyāsa
• Mokṣa

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

By defining the mumukṣu as desireless, non-possessive, and sense-conquered, the verse points to inner withdrawal from the non-Self (objects and cravings), a prerequisite for realizing the Atman through Vedic wisdom.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

It emphasizes core sādhana: nitya-vedābhyāsa (steady scriptural discipline), vairāgya (nirāśī), aparigraha/non-grasping (niṣparigraha), and indriya-nigraha (sense-restraint)—foundational limbs that support dhyāna and liberation-oriented Yoga.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Indirectly, it reflects the Purāṇa’s synthesis: liberation is taught through Veda-grounded renunciation and Yoga virtues shared across Śaiva-Pāśupata and Vaiṣṇava streams, presenting mokṣa as a single, Vedic goal beyond sectarian division.