Shloka 20

Śrāddha-vidhi for Pitṛs: Invitations, Purity, Offerings, and Conduct

Devanagari script

ततो निवृत्ते मध्याह्ने लुप्तलोमनखान् द्विजान् / अभिगम्य यथामार्गं प्रयच्छेद् दन्तधावनम्

Transliteration

tato nivṛtte madhyāhne luptalomanakhān dvijān / abhigamya yathāmārgaṃ prayacched dantadhāvanam

Translation

ครั้นเมื่อยามเที่ยงล่วงแล้ว จึงเข้าไปหาทวิชผู้ตัดผมและเล็บแล้ว และมอบกิ่งไม้สำหรับชำระฟันตามครรลองพิธีอย่างถูกต้อง

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: क्रम (Sequence/क्रम)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रमवाचक

• निवृत्ते: when (it has) passed/ended
• निवृत्ते: कालाधिकरण (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि + वृत्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त) ‘वृत्/वृत्त’ with उपसर्ग ‘नि-’; ‘मध्याह्ने’ इति विशेषण (locative absolute sense)

• मध्याह्ने: at midday
• मध्याह्ने: कालाधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मध्याह्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कालवाचक

• लुप्तलोमनखान्: with hair and nails removed/trimmed
• लुप्तलोमनखान्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: लुप्त + लोमन् + नख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण—‘द्विजान्’; समासः (लुप्ते लोमनि नखे च येषाम्—अर्थतः ‘shaved hair and nails trimmed’)

• द्विजान्: brahmins (twice-born)
• द्विजान्: कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• अभिगम्य: having approached
• अभिगम्य: पूर्वक्रिया (Prior action/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + गम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive), ‘अभि-गम्’ → अभिगम्य; पूर्वक्रिया

• यथा-मार्गम्: as is proper/according to rule
• यथा-मार्गम्: रीति (Manner/रीति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा + मार्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः; द्वितीया-एकवचनरूपेण ‘मार्गम्’

• प्रयच्छेत्: should give
• प्रयच्छेत्: क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; उपसर्गः ‘प्र-’; धातोः ‘यच्छ’ आदेश (दा → यच्छ)

• दन्तधावनम्: tooth-cleaning (stick/powder)
• दन्तधावनम्: कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दन्त + धावन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (दन्तानां धावनम्)

Speaker

Narrator in the Kurma Purana’s dharma-instructional discourse (contextually attributed within the Purva-bhaga teaching sequence, often framed as Lord Kurma/Vishnu’s guidance to sages).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Dvija

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

This verse does not directly define the Atman; it emphasizes outward purity and disciplined conduct as part of dharma, which the Purana treats as a supportive foundation for higher spiritual realization taught elsewhere.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

No explicit yogic technique is taught here; the focus is dinacharya and ritual cleanliness—preparatory disciplines that stabilize sattva and readiness for mantra, worship, and later yoga-instructions in the Kurma Purana.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

It does not mention Shiva or Vishnu explicitly; it reflects the shared dharmic ground underlying the Purana’s Shaiva–Vaishnava synthesis, where purity, right conduct, and proper procedure support devotion and liberation-oriented practice.