Shloka 30

Snātaka and Gṛhastha-Dharma: Conduct, Marriage Norms, Daily Rites, and Liberating Virtues

Devanagari script

विगर्हातिक्रमाक्षेपहिंसाबन्धवधात्मनाम् / अन्यमन्युसमुत्थानां दोषाणां मर्षणं क्षमा

Transliteration

vigarhātikramākṣepahiṃsābandhavadhātmanām / anyamanyusamutthānāṃ doṣāṇāṃ marṣaṇaṃ kṣamā

Translation

กษมา คือความอดทนอย่างศักดิ์สิทธิ์ อดกลั้นโดยไม่ตอบโต้ต่อโทษที่เกิดจากโทสะซึ่งมีต่อกัน เช่น การติเตียน การล่วงละเมิด การดูหมิ่น ความรุนแรง การจองจำ และแม้การปองร้ายถึงชีวิต

Word by Word

• विगर्हा: of censure
• विगर्हा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विगर्हा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; समासाङ्गत्वेन

• अतिक्रम: of transgression
• अतिक्रम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अतिक्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; समासाङ्गत्वेन

• आक्षेप: of insult/accusation
• आक्षेप: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आक्षेप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; समासाङ्गत्वेन

• हिंसा: of violence
• हिंसा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हिंसा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; समासाङ्गत्वेन

• बन्ध: of imprisonment/binding
• बन्ध: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बन्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; समासाङ्गत्वेन

• वध: of killing
• वध: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; समासाङ्गत्वेन

• आत्मनाम्: of people (selves)
• आत्मनाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; ‘of persons/selves’

• अन्य: of another
• अन्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; समासाङ्गत्वेन (in reduplicated compound)

• मन्यु: of anger
• मन्यु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मन्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; समासाङ्गत्वेन

• समुत्थानाम्: arising from
• समुत्थानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सम्-उत्थान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; ‘of (things) arising’

• दोषाणाम्: of faults
• दोषाणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दोष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• मर्षणम्: forbearance/forgiving
• मर्षणम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्षण (प्रातिपदिक; √मृष् + ल्युट्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• क्षमा: is forgiveness
• क्षमा: Pradhāna (प्रधान/Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षमा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय-भावे (predicate noun)

Speaker

Sūta (narrator) conveying the Purāṇic teaching on Dharma (contextual instruction attributed to the Kurma Purana’s didactic discourse)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Characters & Entities

• Kṣamā
• Dharma

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

By treating even severe harm as something to be borne with restraint, the verse implies an inner grounding in the Self beyond reactive anger—an Atman-centered steadiness that supports Dharma.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

It highlights kṣamā as a foundational ethical discipline akin to yama/niyama: mastering anger, refusing retaliation, and cultivating mental equanimity—prerequisites for higher practice in Pashupata-oriented and Purāṇic Yoga.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Indirectly, it supports the Purāṇa’s non-sectarian synthesis: the same Dharma-virtue (kṣamā) is upheld as universally binding, aligning with both Shaiva and Vaishnava paths that demand inner conquest over anger.