Shloka 29

Avimukta-Māhātmya — Vyāsa in Vārāṇasī and Śiva’s Secret Teaching of Liberation

Devanagari script

दत्तं जप्तं हुतं चेष्टं तपस्तप्तं कृतं च यत् / ध्यानमध्ययनं ज्ञानं सर्वं तत्राक्षयं भवेत्

Transliteration

dattaṃ japtaṃ hutaṃ ceṣṭaṃ tapastaptaṃ kṛtaṃ ca yat / dhyānamadhyayanaṃ jñānaṃ sarvaṃ tatrākṣayaṃ bhavet

Translation

ไม่ว่าการให้ทาน การสวดญปะ การถวายอาหุติในโหมะ การประกอบความเพียรอันเป็นธรรม การบำเพ็ญตบะ และสิ่งใดๆ ที่กระทำ—พร้อมทั้งสมาธิ การศึกษาศาสตร และญาณ—ทั้งหมดนั้นย่อมเป็นอักษยะ คือไม่เสื่อมสูญ ณ ที่นั้น

Word by Word

• दत्तम्: what is given (charity)
• दत्तम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दत्त (कृदन्त; √दा धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (PPP used substantively, Neuter, Nom/Acc, Singular)

• जप्तम्: what is recited (japa)
• जप्तम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जप्त (कृदन्त; √जप् धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (PPP used substantively)

• हुतम्: what is offered (oblation)
• हुतम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हुत (कृदन्त; √हु धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (PPP used substantively)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• इष्टम्: what is performed (sacrifice/rite)
• इष्टम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इष्ट (कृदन्त; √यज् धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (PPP; ‘sacrificed/performed’)

• तपः: austerity
• तपः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Singular)

• तप्तम्: practised/performed (austerity)
• तप्तम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तप्त (कृदन्त; √तप् धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (PPP)

• कृतम्: what is done
• कृतम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृत (कृदन्त; √कृ धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (PPP used substantively)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• यत्: whatever
• यत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Singular); सम्बन्धसूचक (relative pronoun)

• ध्यानम्: meditation
• ध्यानम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ध्यान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Singular)

• अध्ययनम्: study
• अध्ययनम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्ययन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Singular)

• ज्ञानम्: knowledge
• ज्ञानम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Singular)

• सर्वम्: all
• सर्वम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Singular); विशेषण

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb)

• अक्षयम्: imperishable
• अक्षयम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अक्षय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Singular); विधेय-विशेषण (predicate adjective)

• भवेत्: would become/is to be
• भवेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु; √भू)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद (Optative, 3rd person singular)

Speaker

Lord Kūrma (Viṣṇu) instructing King Indradyumna (context: praise of dharma and akṣaya merit connected with sacred observance/place)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Lord Kurma
• Vishnu
• Indradyumna
• Dāna
• Japa
• Homa
• Tapas
• Dhyāna
• Adhyayana
• Jñāna

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

By listing jñāna alongside ritual and austerity as yielding akṣaya (imperishable) fruit, the verse implies that liberating wisdom—rooted in recognition of the Self beyond decay—surpasses perishable results and aligns action with the timeless Ātman.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

Dhyāna (meditation) is explicitly praised, supported by adhyayana (disciplined scriptural study) and jñāna (discriminative insight). Together they form a yoga-oriented triad that complements karmic practices like dāna, japa, and homa—typical of the Kurma Purana’s integrated sādhana model.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

While not naming Śiva directly, the verse reflects the Purana’s synthesis: Vedic-Agamic practices (homa, japa, tapas) and yogic-gnostic disciplines (dhyāna, jñāna) are harmonized under the divine teaching of Kūrma (Viṣṇu), a style consistent with the text’s Śaiva–Vaiṣṇava unity in dharma and liberation.