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Kurma Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 23

Dakṣa’s Progeny, Nṛsiṃha–Varāha Avatāras, and Andhaka’s Defeat

Hari–Hara–Śakti Synthesis

संस्तूयमानः प्रणतैर्मुनीन्द्रैरमरैरपि / क्षीरोदस्योत्तरं कूलं यत्रास्ते हरिरीश्वरः

saṃstūyamānaḥ praṇatairmunīndrairamarairapi / kṣīrodasyottaraṃ kūlaṃ yatrāste harirīśvaraḥ

ท่ามกลางการสรรเสริญไม่ขาดสายจากเหล่ามุนีผู้ประเสริฐและเหล่าเทพผู้ก้มกราบ เขาได้ไปถึงฝั่งเหนือแห่งเกษีรสมุทร ที่ซึ่งพระหริ ผู้เป็นอีศวร ประทับอยู่

saṃstūyamānaḥbeing praised
saṃstūyamānaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsam-√stu (धातु)
FormPresent passive participle (शानच्/मान), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); ‘being praised’
praṇataiḥby the reverent/bowed
praṇataiḥ:
Karana (करण/तृतीया)
TypeAdjective
Rootpraṇata (प्रातिपदिक; from pra-√nam)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); used substantively ‘by the bowed ones’
munīndraiḥby the sage-chiefs
munīndraiḥ:
Karana (करण/तृतीया)
TypeNoun
Rootmuni (प्रातिपदिक) + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa: ‘chiefs among sages’
amaraiḥby the immortals (gods)
amaraiḥ:
Karana (करण/तृतीया)
TypeNoun
Rootamara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
apialso
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) meaning ‘also/even’
kṣīrodasyaof the Milk Ocean
kṣīrodasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣīra-uda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: ‘ocean (uda) of milk (kṣīra)’
uttaramnorthern
uttaram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootuttara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); adjective to kūlam
kūlamshore/bank
kūlam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkūla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
yatrawhere
yatra:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyatra (अव्यय)
FormRelative adverb (देशवाचक अव्यय)
āstesits/dwells
āste:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√ās (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); ātmanepada
hariḥHari (Viṣṇu)
hariḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roothari (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
īśvaraḥthe Lord
īśvaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootīśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); apposition to hariḥ

Narrator (Purāṇic narrator describing the sacred locale; traditionally Sūta or the main reciter conveying Vyāsa’s account)

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

H
Hari (Vishnu)
I
Ishvara
K
Kshiroda (Ocean of Milk)
M
Munīndras (great sages)
A
Amaras (devas)

FAQs

By calling Hari “Īśvara” and showing that even sages and devas bow to Him, the verse points to a single supreme reality worthy of reverence—an outward marker of the inner Supreme Self as the ultimate Lord.

The verse emphasizes stuti (praise), namaskāra (reverential bowing), and tīrtha-oriented contemplation—devotional disciplines that steady the mind on Īśvara, aligning with Purāṇic yoga through bhakti and focused remembrance.

By presenting Hari explicitly as “Īśvara,” the verse supports the Kurma Purana’s integrative stance where the supreme lordship (īśvaratva) is not sectarian, enabling Shaiva–Vaishnava synthesis in devotion and theology.