Kurma Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 72

Madhu–Kaiṭabha, Nārāyaṇa’s Yoga-Nidrā, Rudra’s Manifestation, and the Aṣṭamūrti–Trimūrti Teaching

Devanagari script

ततस्तस्मै महादेवो दिव्यं योगमनुत्तमम् / ऐश्वर्यं ब्रह्मसद्भावं वैराग्यं च ददौ हरः

Transliteration

tatastasmai mahādevo divyaṃ yogamanuttamam / aiśvaryaṃ brahmasadbhāvaṃ vairāgyaṃ ca dadau haraḥ

Translation

แล้วมหาเทพ—หระ—ประทานโยคะทิพย์อันยอดยิ่ง พร้อมทั้งไอศวรรย์ ภาวะอันตั้งมั่นในพรหมัน และไวราคยะคือความคลายยึดติด

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then/thereupon
• tataḥ: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable adverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)

• tasmai: to him
• tasmai: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular (एकवचन)

• mahādevaḥ: Mahādeva
• mahādevaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā + deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya (कर्मधारय) compound; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• divyam: divine
• divyam: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: divya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying yogam

• yogam: yoga (discipline)
• yogam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yoga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• anuttamam: unsurpassed
• anuttamam: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: an-uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) privative an-; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying yogam

• aiśvaryam: lordship/power
• aiśvaryam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aiśvarya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• brahma-sad-bhāvam: true state of Brahman / Brahman-realization
• brahma-sad-bhāvam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman + sat + bhāva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• vairāgyam: dispassion
• vairāgyam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vairāgya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय)

• dadau: gave
• dadau: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dā (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• haraḥ: Hara (Śiva)
• haraḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); apposition to mahādevaḥ

Speaker

Narrator (Purāṇic narration) describing Śiva’s bestowal; situated within the Ishvara Gita teaching context

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Mahadeva
• Hara
• Brahman
• Yoga
• Aishvarya
• Vairagya

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

By highlighting “brahma-sadbhāva,” it points to a mind and identity established in Brahman—i.e., realization-oriented being—supported by Yoga and vairāgya rather than mere ritual or power.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse summarizes “divyaṁ yogam anuttamam”—a liberation-directed, divine discipline aligned with Pāśupata/Īśvara-centered Yoga: inner steadiness in Brahman, cultivation of detachment, and the maturation of spiritual sovereignty (aiśvarya) as a byproduct, not the goal.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Within the Kurma Purana’s synthesis, the Ishvara Gita framework presents a non-sectarian vision where supreme teaching and grace flow through Īśvara—here named as Mahādeva/Hara—consistent with the Purana’s broader Shaiva–Vaishnava unity.