Shloka 45
Vaṃśānuvārṇana and the Transition to the Fourth (Upasaṃhāra) Pada
Devanagari script
उपभोगासमर्थैश्च सद्योजातैः शरीरकैः / ते दृष्ट्वा तान्स्वयंभूतान्ब्रह्मव्याहारिणस्तदा
Transliteration
upabhogāsamarthaiśca sadyojātaiḥ śarīrakaiḥ / te dṛṣṭvā tānsvayaṃbhūtānbrahmavyāhāriṇastadā
Translation
ด้วยกายที่เพิ่งบังเกิด พวกเขายังไม่อาจเสพสุขได้ ครั้นเห็นว่าเป็นผู้เกิดเองและเปล่งวาจาแห่งพรหมา เหล่านั้นจึงพิศวงในกาลนั้น
Word by Word
उपभोग-असमर्थैःwith (bodies) incapable of enjoyment
उपभोग-असमर्थैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउपभोग (प्रातिपदिक) + असमर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे (m.)/नपुंसकलिङ्गे (n.) (context: with bodies), तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचनम् (Plural); तत्पुरुषः—'उपभोगे असमर्थ'
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)
सद्यः-जातैःwith newly-born (ones)
सद्यः-जातैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसद्यः (अव्यय) + जात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; जन् धातोः क्त)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचनम् (Plural); कर्मधारयः—'सद्यः जात'
शरीरकैःwith bodies
शरीरकैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootशरीरक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे (n.), तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचनम् (Plural)
तेthey
ते:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), बहुवचनम् (Plural)
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्ययम् (gerund/absolutive) — 'having seen'
तान्those (boys)
तान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे (m.), द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचनम् (Plural)
स्वयम्-भूतान्self-arisen, spontaneously born
स्वयम्-भूतान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वयम् (अव्यय) + भूत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; भू धातोः क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्गे (m.), द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचनम् (Plural); अव्ययीभावः—'स्वयमेव भूत'
ब्रह्म-व्याहारिणःspeakers/utterers of Brahman (Vedic utterance)
ब्रह्म-व्याहारिणः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + व्याहारिन् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; वि-आ-हृ धातोः णिनि)
Formपुंलिङ्गे (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), बहुवचनम् (Plural); तत्पुरुषः—'ब्रह्म व्याहरन्ति'
तदाthen
तदा:
Kala (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्ययम् (temporal adverb)