Shloka 8
Yuga-Vibhāga and Kāla-Pramāṇa
Measures of Time and the Four Yugas
Devanagari script
तत्राहः कर्मचेष्टायां रात्रिः स्वप्नाय कल्पते / पित्र्ये रात्र्यहनी मासः प्रविभागस्तयोः पुनः
Transliteration
tatrāhaḥ karmaceṣṭāyāṃ rātriḥ svapnāya kalpate / pitrye rātryahanī māsaḥ pravibhāgastayoḥ punaḥ
Translation
ที่นั่น กลางวันกำหนดไว้เพื่อการประกอบกรรมและความเพียร ส่วนกลางคืนเพื่อการหลับฝัน ในโลกของปิตฤ (บรรพชน) กลางคืนและกลางวันรวมกันเป็นหนึ่งเดือน และยังมีการแบ่งส่วนของทั้งสองอีกด้วย
Word by Word
तत्रthere, in that context
तत्र:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative sense)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (indeclinable adverb of place)
अहःday
अहः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअहन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन
कर्मचेष्टायाम्in work-activity
कर्मचेष्टायाम्:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्म-चेष्टा (प्रातिपदिक; कर्म + चेष्टा)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (7th/Locative); एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (कर्मणः चेष्टा = activity of work)
रात्रिःnight
रात्रिः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन
स्वप्नायfor sleep/dreaming
स्वप्नाय:
सम्प्रदान (Sampradāna/Recipient-Purpose)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वप्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; चतुर्थी (4th/Dative); एकवचन
कल्पतेis fit/serves as
कल्पते:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootकॢप् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person); एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
पित्र्येin the ancestral (pitṛ) [system]
पित्र्ये:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
TypeAdjective
Rootपित्र्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (7th/Locative); एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying: ‘in the ancestral [reckoning]’)
रात्रिnight (as one of the pair)
रात्रि:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); द्विवचन
अहनीday (as one of the pair)
अहनी:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअहन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); द्विवचन (अहनी = two days/day-and-night pair member)
मासःmonth
मासः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन
प्रविभागःdivision, allocation
प्रविभागः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootप्र-विभाग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन
तयोःof those two
तयोः:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; षष्ठी (6th/Genitive); द्विवचन
पुनःagain, further
पुनः:
सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (indeclinable adverb)